﻿MAMMALS 
  OF 
  NORTHERN 
  COLOMBIA 
  — 
  HERSHKOVITZ 
  359 
  

  

  One 
  specimen 
  was 
  taken 
  January 
  22, 
  the 
  others 
  on 
  February 
  23, 
  

   during 
  the 
  dry 
  season. 
  They 
  are 
  in 
  old 
  pelage, 
  extremely 
  pale, 
  and 
  

   agree 
  with 
  the 
  pale 
  series 
  taken 
  later 
  (April 
  2 
  to 
  5) 
  in 
  the 
  Cesar- 
  

   Guaimaral 
  region 
  toward 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  dry 
  season. 
  

  

  Deforestation 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  Rio 
  Cesar 
  Valley 
  has 
  reached 
  a 
  point 
  

   where 
  these 
  monkeys 
  may 
  be 
  completely 
  isolated 
  now 
  from 
  their 
  

   relatives 
  lower 
  down 
  the 
  valley 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  mountain 
  forests. 
  Because 
  

   of 
  deforestation, 
  the 
  region 
  is 
  becoming 
  arid 
  and 
  some 
  mammals 
  here 
  

   tend 
  to 
  average 
  paler 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Cesar-Guaimaral 
  region. 
  

   Nevertheless, 
  the 
  micos 
  have 
  differentiated 
  hardly 
  at 
  all. 
  A 
  compari- 
  

   son 
  of 
  these 
  monkeys 
  with 
  those 
  taken 
  only 
  during 
  the 
  rainy 
  season 
  in 
  

   the 
  Cesar-Guaimaral 
  region 
  would 
  lead, 
  however, 
  to 
  very 
  different 
  

   conclusions 
  regarding 
  the 
  extent 
  of 
  differentiation. 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  — 
  One 
  adult 
  male 
  and 
  one 
  adult 
  female, 
  respectively: 
  

   Head 
  and 
  body, 
  356, 
  341; 
  tail, 
  450, 
  415; 
  hind 
  foot, 
  121, 
  117; 
  ear, 
  37, 
  35; 
  

   greatest 
  length 
  of 
  skull, 
  92.7, 
  85.0; 
  condylobasal 
  length, 
  71.6, 
  61.6; 
  

   zygomatic 
  breadth, 
  63.9, 
  54.8; 
  width 
  of 
  brain 
  case, 
  48.0, 
  48.6; 
  length 
  

   of 
  brain 
  case, 
  75.4, 
  68.4; 
  orbital 
  breadth, 
  56.1, 
  49.9; 
  greatest 
  width 
  

   across 
  maxillary 
  tooth 
  rows, 
  27.6, 
  26.9; 
  length, 
  upper 
  canine 
  to 
  M', 
  

   26.0, 
  24.1; 
  length, 
  lower 
  canine 
  to 
  Mg, 
  28.2, 
  27.1; 
  mandibular 
  depth 
  

   at 
  condyle, 
  27.8, 
  24.1 
  mm. 
  

  

  El 
  Salado 
  (3 
  males, 
  4 
  females) 
  : 
  Tawnier 
  on 
  dorsum 
  and 
  limbs 
  than 
  

   the 
  Rio 
  Cesar 
  series. 
  Four 
  specimens 
  taken 
  July 
  17, 
  in 
  prime 
  pelage, 
  

   tawnier 
  than 
  the 
  warmest-colored 
  individual 
  of 
  the 
  "dark 
  phase" 
  

   group 
  of 
  the 
  Cesar. 
  Remaining 
  three 
  specimens, 
  one 
  taken 
  June 
  10, 
  

   others 
  June 
  15, 
  in 
  old 
  pelage, 
  paler 
  but 
  still 
  average 
  warmer 
  on 
  dorsum 
  

   and 
  limbs 
  than 
  average 
  "dark 
  phase" 
  individuals 
  of 
  the 
  Cesar. 
  

  

  The 
  specimens 
  were 
  taken 
  on 
  the 
  eastern 
  slope, 
  near 
  the 
  base, 
  of 
  the 
  

   Sierra 
  Nevada 
  de 
  Santa 
  Marta, 
  altitude 
  about 
  300 
  meters. 
  Their 
  

   slight 
  though 
  consistent 
  difference 
  in 
  color 
  from 
  the 
  typical 
  series 
  may 
  

   be 
  seasonal 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  a 
  peculiarity 
  of 
  the 
  population 
  they 
  represent. 
  

   They 
  approach 
  malitiosus 
  in 
  color 
  but 
  geographically 
  are 
  nearest 
  

   cesarae. 
  There 
  are 
  no 
  barriers 
  between 
  the 
  micos 
  of 
  the 
  Cesar 
  and 
  

   those 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  and 
  eastern 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  Sierra 
  Nevada. 
  Large 
  

   portions 
  of 
  the 
  originally 
  unbroken 
  forest 
  are 
  still 
  extant 
  between 
  the 
  

   two 
  zones. 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  — 
  Those 
  of 
  two 
  adult 
  males 
  followed 
  by 
  those 
  of 
  two 
  

   adult 
  females: 
  Head 
  and 
  body, 
  423, 
  398; 
  382, 
  364; 
  tail, 
  436, 
  401; 
  

   458, 
  461; 
  hind 
  foot, 
  122, 
  125; 
  123, 
  128; 
  ear 
  38, 
  40; 
  40, 
  40; 
  greatest 
  

   length 
  of 
  skull, 
  93.9, 
  91.2; 
  91.0, 
  89.9; 
  condylobasal 
  length, 
  69.2, 
  69.1; 
  

   68.7, 
  66.1; 
  zygomatic 
  breadth, 
  62.9, 
  62.9; 
  59.8, 
  56.6; 
  width 
  of 
  brain 
  

   case, 
  50.5, 
  50.4; 
  51.7, 
  48.7; 
  length 
  of 
  brain 
  case, 
  76.1, 
  72.7; 
  75.2, 
  71.4; 
  

   orbital 
  breadth, 
  50.1, 
  49.8; 
  52.5, 
  48.1; 
  greatest 
  width 
  across 
  maxillary 
  

   tooth 
  rows, 
  29.4, 
  27.7; 
  27.6, 
  26.5; 
  length, 
  upper 
  canine 
  to 
  M^, 
  27.3, 
  

  

  