﻿PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  issued 
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  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION 
  

  

  U. 
  S. 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Vol. 
  98 
  Washington 
  : 
  1949 
  No, 
  3234 
  

  

  A 
  GENERIC 
  REVISION 
  OF 
  THE 
  TREEHOPPERS 
  OF 
  THE 
  

   TRIBE 
  CERESINI 
  IN 
  AMERICA 
  NORTH 
  OF 
  MEXICO/ 
  

   BASED 
  ON 
  A 
  STUDY 
  OF 
  THE 
  MALE 
  GENITALIA 
  

  

  By 
  John 
  S. 
  Caldwell 
  

  

  The 
  homopterous 
  tribe 
  Ceresini 
  [original 
  spelling 
  Cerasini] 
  Coding 
  

   (1892, 
  p. 
  256) 
  contains 
  those 
  species 
  of 
  tree 
  hoppers 
  within 
  the 
  sub- 
  

   family 
  Similiinae 
  that 
  have 
  the 
  elytra 
  free, 
  with 
  the 
  clavus 
  not 
  covered 
  

   by 
  the 
  pronotum. 
  Fowler 
  (1895, 
  p. 
  87) 
  has 
  stated 
  that 
  "the 
  Cerasini 
  

   might, 
  with 
  reason, 
  be 
  fm-ther 
  subdivided 
  into 
  three 
  [tribes], 
  Cypho- 
  

   niini, 
  Cerasini, 
  and 
  Acutalini." 
  The 
  Nearctic 
  genera 
  ^ 
  form 
  two 
  

   natural 
  groups 
  on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  internal 
  and 
  external 
  characters, 
  thereby 
  

   substantiating 
  two 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  subdivisions 
  suggested 
  by 
  Fowler; 
  

   however, 
  without 
  a 
  comprehensive 
  study 
  of 
  Neotropical 
  material, 
  

   especially 
  of 
  Cyphoniini, 
  it 
  is 
  believed 
  wiser 
  at 
  this 
  time 
  to 
  let 
  Ceresini 
  

   stand 
  as 
  one 
  unit. 
  

  

  The 
  genera 
  have 
  been 
  accepted 
  as 
  morphologically 
  distinct 
  by 
  

   previous 
  workers, 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  Ceresa 
  and 
  Stictocephala, 
  

   which 
  have 
  been 
  distinguished 
  from 
  each 
  other 
  by 
  the 
  presence 
  or 
  

   absence 
  of 
  suprahumeral 
  horns. 
  The 
  fallacy 
  of 
  using 
  this 
  character 
  

   for 
  separating 
  the 
  two 
  genera 
  has 
  been 
  the 
  subject 
  of 
  considerable 
  

   comment. 
  Fowler 
  (1895, 
  pp. 
  87, 
  108) 
  was 
  the 
  first 
  to 
  suggest 
  sep- 
  

   arating 
  Ceresa 
  from 
  Stictocephala 
  by 
  using 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  

   genitalia 
  and 
  proposed 
  that 
  species 
  possessing 
  an 
  aedeagus 
  with 
  a 
  

   much 
  widened 
  apex 
  and 
  having 
  the 
  styles 
  short 
  and 
  obtuse 
  be 
  placed 
  

   in 
  the 
  latter 
  genus; 
  however, 
  cornuta 
  Fowler 
  (1895, 
  p. 
  110) 
  apparently 
  

  

  I 
  The 
  geographic 
  limitation 
  set 
  forth 
  here 
  is 
  not 
  strictly 
  followed, 
  since 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  faurm 
  of 
  Mexico 
  and 
  

   Central 
  America 
  has 
  been 
  included 
  when 
  the 
  material 
  was 
  available. 
  

  

  ' 
  For 
  convenience 
  in 
  this 
  discussion 
  the 
  term 
  "Nearctic" 
  is 
  applied 
  to 
  any 
  genus 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  Nearc- 
  

   tic 
  region 
  even 
  though 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  may 
  be 
  Neotropical. 
  

  

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