ZONAL 
Great groups of soils with well-developed soil charactenstics, 
reflecting the dominating influence of climate and vegetation . 
(As shown on the map, many small areas of intrazoral and azonal 
soils are included.) 
PODZOL SOILS 
WY Light-colored leached soils of cool, humid 
\ \\ forested regions. 
BROWN PODZOLIC SOILS 
YY Brown leached soils of cool-temperate, humid 
Y4) torested regions. 
GRAY-BROWN PODZOLIC SOILS 
Grayish-brown leached soils of temperate, 
umid forested regions. 
REO AND YELLOW PODZOLIC SOILS 
Red or yellow leached soils of warm-temperate, 
humid forested regions. 
PRAIRIE SOILS 
Very dark brown soils of cool and temperate, 
relatively humid grasslands. 
een Dark reddish-brown soils of warm-temperate, 
CLES ges elatively humid grasslands. 
Dark-brown fo nearly black soils of cool’ and 
emperate, subhumid grasslands. 
CHESTNUT SOILS 
NY Dark-brown soils of cool and temperate, 
WN subhumid to semiarid grasslands. 
REDDISH CHESTNUT SOILS 
SN Dark reddish-brown soils of warm- temperate, 
WS semiarid regions ‘under mixed shrub and grass 
S vegetation. 
BROWN SOILS 
rown soils of cool and temperate, semiarid grass- 
REDDISH BROWN SOILS 
emiarid to arid regions, under mixed shrub and 
NONCALCIC BROWN SOILS 
pre Brown or light reddish-brown soils of warm 
temperate, wet-dry, semiarid regions, under 
woreeren mixed forest, shrub, and grass vegetation 
SIEROZEM OR GRAY DESERT SOILS 
Gray soils of cool to temperate, arid regions, 
under shrub and grass vegetation. 
OESERT SOILS 
Light reddish-brown soils of warm - temperate 
to hot, arid regions, under shrub vegetation. 
GENERAL PATTERN OF GREAT SOIL GROUPS 
snevsceue ane", 
nee eoqperasienantae vane 
leddish-brown soils of warm-temperate to hol, 
NS seme 
Sy \ eee 
iy 
+ 
INTRAZONAL 
Great groups of soils with more or less well-developed soil characteristics 
reflecting the dominating influence of some local factor of relief, parent 
material, or age over the normal effect of climate and vegetation. (Many 
areas of these sails are included with zonal groups on the map) 
PLANOSOLS 
RENOZINA SOILS 
ark grayish-brown to black soils developed from soft limy 
aterials in cool to warm, humid fo subhumid regions, mostly 
under grass vegetation. 
SOLONCHAK (1) AND SOLONETZ (2) SOILS 
1) Light-colored soils with high concentration of soluble 
Salts, in subhumid to arid regions, under salt-loving plants, 
(2) Dark -colored soils with hard prismatic subsoils, usually 
strongly alkaline, in subhumid or semiarid regions under 
grass or shrub vegetation. 
WIESENBODEN (1), GROUND WATER PODZOL (2), 
HALF-BOG SOILS (3) 
Y Dark~brown to black soils developed with poor drainage 
inder grasses in humid and subhumid regions. 
(2) Gray sandy soils with brown cemented sandy subsoils 
developed under forests from nearly level imperfectly 
drained sand in humid regions. 
(3) Poorly drained, shallow, dark peaty or mucky soils underlain 
by gray mineral soil, in humid regions, under swamp-forests. 
BOG SOILS 
Poorly drained dark peat or muck soils underlain by peat, 
mostly in humid regions, under swamp or marsh types of 
vegetation. 
Ficurp 4.—Soil map of the United States. 
= 
Mis = 
* aa 
> mates 
‘ LE 
pee Af: Le 
Z Ses 
ELE 
row 
ae SA 
The areas of each great soil group shown 
on the map include areas of other groups too 
small to be shown separately Especially are 
there small areas of the azonal and intrazonal 
§roups included in the areas of zonal groups 
AZONAL 
Soils without well-developed soi! characteristics. (Many areas 
of these soils are included with other groups on the map.) 
LITHOSOLS AND SHALLOW SOILS 
oe ll 
Fo O46 F O)) 
a Shallow soils consisting largely of an imperfectly 
weathered mass of rock fragments, largely but 
ee | not exclusively on steep slopes. 
Resear. 
RON BF 
SANDS (ORY) 
Very sandy soils. 
ALLUVIAL SOILS 
Soils developing from recently deposited alluvium 
that have hadlittle or no modification by pro = 
cesses of soil formation. 
EK 
866591—50 (Face page 236) 
