344 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1949 
expeditions collected here, but the most noteworthy was Sir Joseph 
Hooker who wrote various works on the Antarctic and New Zealand, 
including the first real flora of this future Dominion (14). Naturally, 
early work was done in England, but gradually scientific works began 
to appear in New Zealand. The Government fostered scientific work 
at an early date and the larger part of present-day botanical research is 
being carried on within the Government. Among the many botanists 
of New Zealand only two may be mentioned here for lack of space. 
Names of others are noted in the bibliography and in various works 
there listed. Leonard Cockayne contributed greatly, not only to the 
knowledge of ecology and phytogeography in New Zealand, but also 
to the dissemination of this knowledge among the people by his practice 
of writing for both the laymen and the scientists. (See especially 
(6).) T. F. Cheeseman issued the first edition, in 1906, of the now 
widely used Manual of the New Zealand Flora, the second edition 
having been issued in 1925 (4). It is now being revised again by H. H. 
Allan. 
The principal herbarium collections of plants in New Zealand are 
deposited in the Auckland Memorial Institute and Museum, the 
Division of Botany of the Department of Scientific and Industrial 
Research (everywhere known as the DSIR) of the Government in 
Wellington, the Dominion Museum in Wellington, and the Canterbury 
Museum in Christchurch. Botanical research is being promoted very 
actively, especially by the DSIR. Botany is being taught and research 
conducted in all the scattered colleges of the University of New 
Zealand, in Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, and Dunedin. The 
agricultural colleges are, of course, doing research in applied botany, 
as is also the Cawthron Institute in Nelson which is specially concerned 
with basic agricultural problems. 
The extent of this research and teaching is a recognition of the 
importance of botanical science in the development of the country. 
Much has been done, but in a real sense the surface has only been 
scratched. Cockayne’s major work on the vegetation is an excellent 
comprehensive treatment, but the author recognized that it was a 
preliminary presentation. Cheeseman’s excellent flora is subject to 
improvement, as indeed is every other flora ever published. 
One cannot in a survey such as this even touch upon all the facets 
of the subject. Many important plant formations and fascinating 
plants have been left for the traveler and the reader to discover. The 
fields of marine algae and fossil pollens are very lively and promising 
subjects of research in New Zealand today. Fungi are coming into 
their own, and bryophytes are by no means neglected; at least the 
groundwork has been laid. The ferns of New Zealand are famous and 
much has already been published on them. Nor are the laboratory 
