18 
H. T. FERRAR. 
extremity, but they become thicker, and are slightly inclined upwards two miles or 
so towards the south-east. The following sections may be of interest : — 
(A) near the north end of the Cape — 
Top. (6) 100 feet — red basalt-glass (8G5) 
(5) 300 feet — black hornblende-basalt (859-861) 
(4) 50 feet — tuff (857) 
(3) 100 feet — basalt with vertical joints (856) 
(2) 50 feet — vesicular basalt (854) 
Bottom. (1) 200 feet — talus 
(B) about two miles south of the end of the Cape — 
Top. (6) 600 feet — (unexamined) 
(5) 100 feet — tuff 
(4) 50 feet — boulder-breccia (54) 
(3) 60 feet — black olivine-basalt, weathering into vertical columns (49) 
(2) 100 feet — red scoriaceous basalt (51) 
Bottom. (1) 100 feet— scree-slope 
This approximately horizontal structure appears to be characteristic of the steep 
coast line between Cape Adare and Cape Jones, a distance of about 150 miles. This 
part of the coast is a cliff varying between 1000 and 2000 feet in height. Sometimes 
anticlinal and synclinal folds, whose axes appear to run east-and-west, are seen. 
Occasional red bands, possibly like those on Coulman Island and Cape Adare, can be 
distinguished. 
The Volcanic Cones on the Mainland. 
The number of volcanic cones on the mainland is less than has been hitherto 
supposed,* but those seen are interesting from their occurrence on what is probably a 
exeat line of fault. These cones all rise from the low foothills that form the coast, and 
O 
the latter is always parallel to the mountain-ranges. The volcanoes, being isolated 
cones and having as a background the massive main range, stand out most 
prominently. 
The Summit of Cape Jones (Fig. 7). 
The summit of Cape Jones may be taken as a type of these. The hill near 
the end of the Cape rises to a height of over 3000 feet, and shows admirably the 
even convex curves of mountains of accumulation. The whole is covered by a 
deep pall of snow, which either breaks off at the edge of the high sea-cliff, or 
blends gradually with the ice-sheet of Lady Newnes Bay. This volcano occurs in 
latitude 73|° S., longitude 170° E. It lies to the west of Coulman Island, and on 
the strip of foothills which is here nearly 20 miles broad. From the north these 
* J. W. Gregory, ‘ Nature,’ 1901, vol. lxiii, p. 610. 
