﻿REVIEW 
  OF 
  THE 
  ATLANTIC 
  PERIWINKLES 
  — 
  ABBOTT 
  451 
  

  

  The 
  genus 
  Hamus 
  of 
  Kleiii 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  first 
  validated 
  in 
  1886 
  

   by 
  R. 
  B. 
  Watson 
  (Scaphopoda 
  and 
  Gasteropoda, 
  in 
  Report 
  on 
  the 
  

   Scientific 
  Results 
  of 
  the 
  Voyage 
  of 
  HMS 
  Challenger 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  , 
  vol. 
  15, 
  

   pt. 
  42, 
  p. 
  576). 
  Although 
  he 
  intended 
  it 
  for 
  the 
  group 
  we 
  know 
  as 
  

   Nodilittorina, 
  I 
  prefer 
  to 
  relegate 
  Hamus 
  to 
  the 
  synonymy 
  of 
  the 
  

   trochid 
  Turcica 
  A. 
  Adams, 
  1854, 
  by 
  here 
  designating 
  Tectaria 
  mon- 
  

   trouzieri 
  Fischer, 
  1878, 
  as 
  the 
  genotype 
  of 
  Hamus 
  Watson, 
  1886. 
  For 
  

   identity 
  of 
  that 
  trochid 
  species 
  see 
  Hedley 
  (1901, 
  p. 
  121). 
  

  

  Wenz's 
  (1939, 
  p. 
  523) 
  genotype 
  designation 
  of 
  Nodilittorina 
  is 
  

   invalid, 
  smce 
  Turbo 
  nodulosus 
  Gmelin 
  is 
  not 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  included 
  

   by 
  von 
  Martens 
  in 
  1897 
  either 
  in 
  name 
  or 
  substance 
  and 
  since 
  Turbo 
  

   (not 
  Trochus) 
  nodulosus 
  Gmelin 
  is 
  a 
  turbmid 
  species. 
  Von 
  Marten's 
  

   Littorina 
  nodulosa 
  Pfeiffer 
  is 
  an 
  Echininus. 
  I 
  hereby 
  designate 
  

   Littorina 
  pyraiJiidalis 
  Quoy 
  and 
  Gaimard 
  as 
  the 
  genotype 
  of 
  Nodilit- 
  

   torina 
  von 
  Martens, 
  1897. 
  This 
  species 
  is 
  Trochiis 
  nodulosus 
  Gmelin, 
  

   non 
  Solander, 
  1766. 
  

  

  Habe 
  (1951, 
  p. 
  90) 
  followed 
  the 
  error 
  of 
  Clench 
  and 
  Abbott 
  (1942) 
  

   in 
  considermg 
  Turbo 
  tuberculata 
  Wood 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  Gmelin's 
  nodulosus. 
  

   Actually 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  West 
  Indian 
  Echininus, 
  as 
  seen 
  by 
  our 
  revised 
  

   synonymy. 
  Littorina 
  tuberculata 
  Wood 
  is 
  not 
  included 
  by 
  name 
  in 
  

   von 
  Martens' 
  genus 
  and 
  cannot 
  be 
  designated 
  as 
  the 
  genotype. 
  

  

  Below, 
  I 
  have 
  included 
  a 
  revised 
  synonymy 
  of 
  the 
  Western 
  Atlantic 
  

   Nodilittorina 
  tuberculata 
  Menke 
  which 
  Clench 
  and 
  I 
  had 
  erroneously 
  

   listed 
  in 
  Johnsonia 
  as 
  Tectarius 
  tuberculatus 
  Wood. 
  Cm- 
  error 
  arose 
  

   in 
  not 
  recognizing 
  Wood's 
  figure 
  as 
  representing 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  Echininus. 
  

   Although 
  the 
  columella 
  region 
  of 
  the 
  shell 
  illustrated 
  by 
  Wood 
  is 
  very 
  

   close 
  to 
  that 
  found 
  in 
  some 
  Nodilittorina, 
  the 
  nature 
  and 
  number 
  of 
  

   nodules 
  clearly 
  identifies 
  it 
  as 
  Echininus 
  nodulosus 
  Pfeiffer. 
  

  

  Nodilittorina 
  tuberculata 
  Menke 
  

  

  Trochus 
  nodulosus 
  Gmelin 
  (non 
  Solander, 
  1766), 
  Caroli 
  a 
  Linn6 
  Systema 
  

   naturae 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  , 
  ed. 
  13, 
  p. 
  3582, 
  No. 
  98, 
  1791 
  (in 
  part 
  as 
  variety 
  minor). 
  

   (Mari, 
  Americam 
  meridonalem.) 
  

  

  Litorina 
  tuberculatus 
  Menke, 
  Synopsis 
  methodica 
  Molluscorum 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  , 
  p. 
  25 
  

   (Pyrmonti), 
  1828 
  (refers 
  to 
  Gmelin's 
  minor). 
  

  

  Litorina 
  thiarella 
  Anton, 
  Verzeichniss 
  der 
  Conchylien 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  , 
  p. 
  53, 
  1839. 
  

  

  Littorina 
  nodulosa 
  d'Orbigny, 
  MoUusques, 
  vol. 
  1, 
  p. 
  205 
  (exclusive 
  of 
  synonymy), 
  

   pi. 
  14, 
  figs. 
  11-14, 
  in 
  de 
  la 
  Sagra, 
  Histoire 
  physique, 
  politique 
  et 
  naturelle 
  de 
  

   rile 
  de 
  Cuba, 
  1841. 
  (Cuba, 
  Martinique, 
  and 
  St. 
  Lucia.) 
  

  

  Littorina 
  dilatata 
  d'Orbigny, 
  MoUusques, 
  vol. 
  1, 
  p. 
  207, 
  pi. 
  14, 
  figs. 
  20-23, 
  in 
  de 
  

   la 
  Sagra, 
  Histoire 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  naturelle 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  de 
  Cuba, 
  1841. 
  (Havana.) 
  

  

  Shell. 
  — 
  It 
  is 
  easy 
  to 
  confuse 
  this 
  species 
  with 
  Echininus 
  nodulosus 
  

   Pfeiffer, 
  especially 
  since 
  then- 
  ranges 
  overlap 
  and 
  their 
  habitats 
  are 
  

   almost 
  identical. 
  A^. 
  tuberculata 
  is 
  usually 
  4 
  mm. 
  to 
  5 
  mm. 
  smaller 
  

   than 
  E. 
  nodulosus 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  small 
  area. 
  The 
  nodules 
  in 
  each 
  

  

  