﻿PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  issued 
  

  

  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION 
  

   U. 
  S. 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Vol. 
  103 
  Washington: 
  1954 
  No. 
  3330 
  

  

  A 
  REVISION 
  OF 
  THE 
  GOATFISH 
  GENUS 
  UPENEUS 
  WITH 
  

   DESCRIPTIONS 
  OF 
  TWO 
  NEW 
  SPECIES 
  

  

  By 
  Ernest 
  A. 
  Lachner 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  recent 
  and 
  comprehensive 
  studies 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Upeneus 
  

   were 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  faunistic 
  reports 
  of 
  Herre 
  and 
  Montalban, 
  1928, 
  

   Weber 
  and 
  de 
  Beaufort, 
  1931, 
  and 
  Fowler, 
  1933. 
  Six 
  species 
  of 
  

   Upeneus 
  were 
  recognized 
  by 
  Herre 
  and 
  Montalban 
  as 
  occurring 
  in 
  

   the 
  Philippine 
  Islands, 
  and 
  Weber 
  and 
  de 
  Beaufort 
  recognized 
  the 
  

   same 
  species 
  in 
  the 
  Indo-Australian 
  Archipelago. 
  Fowler 
  listed 
  eleven 
  

   species 
  in 
  his 
  Philippine 
  report 
  but 
  included 
  five 
  extralimital 
  species, 
  

   four 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  not 
  valid 
  or 
  are 
  highly 
  questionable. 
  

  

  In 
  all, 
  24 
  nominal 
  species 
  have 
  been 
  referred 
  to 
  the 
  genus 
  and 
  much 
  

   nomenclatorial 
  confusion 
  exists. 
  The 
  characters 
  presented 
  by 
  the 
  

   various 
  authors 
  to 
  distinguish 
  the 
  species 
  did 
  not 
  prove 
  satisfactory 
  

   in 
  the 
  identification 
  of 
  specimens 
  in 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum 
  from 
  

   the 
  same 
  faunal 
  areas. 
  Additional 
  specimens 
  from 
  the 
  Philippine 
  

   Islands 
  and 
  the 
  Persian 
  Gulf 
  did 
  not 
  conform 
  to 
  any 
  published 
  

   accounts. 
  

  

  The 
  object 
  of 
  this 
  study 
  is 
  to 
  determine 
  the 
  valid 
  species 
  in 
  the 
  

   genus 
  and 
  characters 
  for 
  their 
  accurate 
  identification, 
  to 
  evaluate 
  the 
  

   extent 
  of 
  interspecific 
  differentiation, 
  and 
  to 
  evaluate 
  the 
  population 
  

   divergence 
  in 
  the 
  various 
  subfaunal 
  ai'eas. 
  

  

  Ten 
  species 
  are 
  herein 
  recognized, 
  two 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  described 
  as 
  new. 
  

  

  The 
  collections 
  in 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum 
  formed 
  the 
  chief 
  

   basis 
  of 
  this 
  study 
  on 
  which 
  counts, 
  measurements, 
  and 
  color 
  analyses 
  

   were 
  made. 
  These 
  collections 
  are 
  listed 
  by 
  subfaunal 
  areas 
  of 
  the 
  

   Indo-Pacific 
  region 
  in 
  the 
  descriptions 
  of 
  the 
  respective 
  species. 
  

  

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