﻿GOATFISH 
  GENUS 
  UPENEUS 
  — 
  LACHNER 
  523 
  

  

  finely 
  speckled 
  with 
  brown; 
  lower 
  sides 
  of 
  body 
  with 
  8 
  to 
  10 
  faint, 
  

   dusky 
  blotches 
  or 
  bars, 
  variable 
  in 
  size 
  and 
  often 
  completely 
  obscure; 
  

   an 
  inconspicuous 
  dusky 
  to 
  brown 
  saddle, 
  sometimes 
  obsolete, 
  just 
  

   posterior 
  to 
  soft 
  dorsal 
  fin, 
  its 
  width 
  about 
  two-thirds 
  length 
  of 
  base 
  

   of 
  soft 
  dorsal. 
  

  

  Spinous 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  with 
  large, 
  brown-to-blackish, 
  irregular 
  spot 
  on 
  

   outer 
  third, 
  a 
  clear 
  or 
  whitish 
  spot 
  anteriorly 
  on 
  basal 
  thnd 
  followed 
  

   by 
  a 
  large, 
  brownish-black, 
  irregular 
  spot 
  midbasally, 
  remainder 
  of 
  

   fin 
  transparent; 
  soft 
  dorsal 
  transparent 
  with 
  three 
  brown 
  to 
  black 
  

   marks, 
  an 
  outer 
  spot, 
  a 
  horizontal 
  stripe 
  near 
  middle, 
  and 
  a 
  short 
  

   stripe 
  near 
  base 
  on 
  anterior 
  third; 
  pectoral 
  fin 
  transparent 
  with 
  one 
  

   circular, 
  brown 
  to 
  dusky 
  spot 
  near 
  base; 
  pelvic 
  fin 
  transparent 
  with 
  

   6 
  to 
  9 
  circular, 
  brown 
  to 
  black 
  spots 
  arranged 
  in 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  rows, 
  often 
  

   completely 
  faded; 
  anal 
  fin 
  transparent 
  with 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  bars 
  (or 
  spots, 
  

   depending 
  on 
  condition 
  of 
  fading), 
  brown 
  to 
  blackish 
  colored 
  and 
  

   almost 
  parallel 
  to 
  base; 
  caudal 
  fin 
  transparent 
  with 
  2 
  to 
  6 
  oblique 
  

   bars 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe 
  and 
  2 
  to 
  7 
  on 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe, 
  colored 
  brown, 
  

   to 
  black, 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  bars 
  increase 
  with 
  increase 
  in 
  length 
  (table 
  

   3); 
  lower 
  lobe 
  usually 
  has 
  one 
  more 
  bar 
  than 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe, 
  and 
  

   coloration 
  of 
  bars 
  more 
  intense; 
  the 
  caudal 
  bars 
  first 
  appear 
  as 
  spots 
  

   which 
  become 
  oval 
  shaped 
  (specimens 
  under 
  50 
  mm.) 
  and 
  then 
  

   elongate 
  to 
  form 
  the 
  definitive 
  oblique 
  bars. 
  

  

  Geographical 
  distribution. 
  — 
  Represented 
  in 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  

   Museum 
  collections 
  from 
  East 
  x'^frica, 
  eastward, 
  in 
  the 
  East 
  Indies 
  and 
  

   Philippines 
  to 
  the 
  Palau 
  Islands 
  and 
  from 
  southern 
  Japan 
  to 
  New 
  

   South 
  Wales, 
  Australia. 
  Although 
  abundant 
  in 
  the 
  Philippine 
  

   Islands 
  (note 
  specimens 
  studied 
  above; 
  Herre 
  and 
  Montalban, 
  1928, 
  

   p. 
  99; 
  Fowler, 
  1933, 
  p. 
  339; 
  and 
  Weber 
  and 
  de 
  Beaufort, 
  1931, 
  p. 
  368), 
  

   this 
  species 
  apparently 
  becomes 
  rare 
  eastward, 
  in 
  certain 
  islands 
  of 
  

   Oceania, 
  and 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  reported 
  for 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  groups. 
  

   In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  excellent 
  collection 
  made 
  by 
  Eugenie 
  Clark 
  from 
  the 
  

   Palau 
  Islands, 
  USNM 
  154202, 
  Herre 
  (1935, 
  p. 
  165) 
  also 
  listed 
  it. 
  

   Scale 
  (1935, 
  p. 
  362) 
  listed 
  specimens 
  from 
  the 
  Solomon 
  and 
  Samoan 
  

   Islands, 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  were 
  small. 
  Herre 
  (1936, 
  p. 
  209) 
  also 
  reported 
  

   on 
  two 
  smaU 
  specimens 
  from 
  the 
  Solomons, 
  but 
  his 
  description 
  was 
  

   based 
  on 
  Philippine 
  material. 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Scale 
  (1906, 
  p. 
  273) 
  

   reported 
  it, 
  too, 
  from 
  the 
  Samoan 
  Islands. 
  Schultz 
  (1943) 
  did 
  not 
  

   collect 
  it 
  in 
  either 
  the 
  Phoenix 
  or 
  Samoan 
  Islands, 
  nor 
  was 
  it 
  taken 
  by 
  

   the 
  recent 
  intensive 
  collecting 
  by 
  Schultz 
  and 
  others 
  in 
  collaboration 
  

   with 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  Navy 
  project 
  in 
  the 
  Marshall 
  Islands 
  (1946-1947). 
  

   Superficial 
  examinations, 
  particularly 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  specimens, 
  could 
  

   easily 
  lead 
  to 
  misidentifications, 
  especially 
  with 
  such 
  forms 
  as 
  U. 
  

   luzonius 
  and 
  vittatus. 
  Specimens 
  reported 
  from 
  the 
  Solomons 
  and 
  

  

  