■^XIII 



Showing the method of measuring the wing used by us. The wing is pressed out 

 on the rule until it is quite flat, and thus the longest possible measurement is 

 consistently obtained. In very large birds (e.g. Eagles, Swans) a tape is used 

 stretched from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest feather along the upper- 

 side of the wing; in each case when a tape is used it will be mentioned. 



Showing the method of measuring the tail used 

 by us. One end of the dividers is placed be- 

 tween the tail-feathers and pressed to the skin, 

 while the other is passed to the tip of the 

 longest feather. 



Showing the method of measuring 

 the tarsus used by us. 



CERE 



Showing the cere and the 



method of measuring the 



bill from the cere to the 



tip. 



Showing the method of measuring the bill 

 from the end of feathering to the tip. 



