LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN VOLUME I. 



PAGE 



Method of measuring wing, tail, tarsus and bill ... ... *xiii & *xiv 



Topography of the nestling ... ... ... ... ... ... *xiv 



Bill showing gonys. Topography of the underwing ... ... ... *xv 



Topography of a bird ... ... ... ... ... ... *xvi 



Gannet (Sula bassana), foot ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 



Fulmar Petrel {Fulmarus glacialis) and Manx Shearwater (Puffiniis 



puffinus), showing tubular nostrils ... ... ... ... ... 1 



Wigeon (Anas penelope), showing lamellated cutting-edges of bill ... 2 

 Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristat2ts)^ Red-throated Diver (Colymbiis 



siellatus) and Blac]s. Guillemot {Uria grylle), ieet ... ... ... 2 



Black-headed Gull {Lariis ridihundus), foot ... ... ... ... 2 



Common Heron (.-Irdea cinereo) bill showing bare loral region ... ... 3 



Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus)^ Grey Plover {Squatarola squatarola) and 



Common Snipe {(Tallinago gallinago), rudimentary 1st primaries ... 3 



Wood-Pigeon {Columha palumbus), bill showing nostrils ... ... 3 



Barn-Owl (Tyto alba) and Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) ^ heads 4 



Pallas's Sand-Grouse [Syrrhaptes paradoxus)^ foot ... ... ... 4 



Green Woodpecker {Picus viridis), foot ... ... ... ... 4 



Hoopoe (Upupa epops), head ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 



Cuckoo {Cuculus canoriis). Nightjar (Caprimidgus europo'Uft), and 



Swift {Apus apus), feet ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 



Bee-Eater [Merops apiasier), tail ... ... ... ... ... 5 



Raven {Corvus corax), foot ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 



Roller {Coracias garrulus) and Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida), bills ... ... 5 



Raven (CorwMS c. coraa;) and Carrion-Crow (C. c. corone), bills ... ... 9 



Raven, Carrion-Crow and Rook (C. frugilegus), feathers from tliroat ... 13 



Carrion -Crow and Rook, wing -formula ... ... ... ... ... 16 



Plate 1. — Rooks' Heads. Fig. 1, Juvenile. Fig. 2, Juvenile 



Moulting. Fig. 3, First Winter. Figs. 4-7, Moult of First 



Slimmer. Figs. 8-13, Adults. Fig. 8, Autumn moult. Fig. 9, 



Moult just complete. Figs. 10-13, To show gradual wear of 



down," during whiter and spring ... ... ... facing 16 



Jackdaw (Colwus m. spermologtis) , head... ... ... ... ... 19 



Thick-billed Nutcracker [Nucifraga c. caryocatactes), Slender-billed 



Nutcracker (iV. c. macrorhynchus) ^ heads ... ... ... ... 26 



British Jay {Garrulus g. rufitergum), wing ... ... ... ... 28 



Chough (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax), head ... ... ... ... 31 



Starling (Sturnus v. vulgaris), throat-feathers of (J adult and first winter 35 



Rose-coloured Starling [Pastor roseus), head ... ... ... ... 37 



Hawfinch {Coccotliraustes c. coccothraustes), bill and 6th (curled) primary 44 



Greenfinch {Chloris c. chloris), head and tail ... ... ... ... 47 



Plate 2. — Juvenile plumages of 1, Lesser Redpoll (Carduelis I. 



cabaret). 2, Hiskin {Cardtielis spiniis), 3,'H.a,wiinch.(Coccothraustrs 48 



c. coccothrauMes) . 4, British Goldfinch {Carduelis c. britannica). 



5, Greenfinch {Chloris ch. chloris) ... ... ... ... facing 48 



Goldfinch {Carduelis carduelis), head ... ... ... ... ... 52 



Siskin (C. spinus), head and wing ... ... ... ... ... 54 



Plate 3. — I, Lesser Redpoll {C. I. cabaret). 2, Mealy Redpoll (C I. 



linaria). 3, Greenland Redpoll (C I. rosirata). 4. Coues's Redpoll 



(C. h. exilipes). 5, Hornemann's Redpoll {C. h. hornemanni) facing 64 



Citril Finch {C. c, citrinella), S adult ... ... ... ... ... 67 



