THE LANCEOLATED WARBLER. 333 



begins early Aug. and lasts to end of Sept. Similar evidence of 

 east and west coast j)assage -movements during same pariod, but 

 mainlj" during middle fortnight Sept. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Middle and south Eurojoe generally, 

 north to south Norway and Finland, south to north Spain, middle 

 Italy, and Slavonia, wintering in north-west Africa, and probably 

 south Spain. Replaced by L. n. straminea from Caucasus and 

 Orenburg to Altai and Turkestan. 



LOCUSTELLA LANCEOLATA 



140. Locustella lanceolata (Temm.)— THE LANCEOLATED 

 WARBLER. 



Sylvia lanceolata Tenuninck, Man. d'Orn., ed. 11, iv, p. 614 (1840 — 

 " Mainz ? " Erroneous locality. Typical locality : Russia). 

 Locustella lanceolata, Caton-Haigh, Brit. B., iii, p. 353. 



Description (Plate 12). — Adult male and female. Winter.— ^Nh.o\Q 

 upper-parts brown to yellowish-browii broadly streaked black- 

 broAvn ; upper tail -co verts darker broAvn and more colour of tail, 

 usually with a few broad black-broAvn streaks, but sometimes 

 Avithout streaks ; somewhat indistinct, narrow streak from nostrils 

 to eye and behind eye cream-colour ; lores and under eye dusky ; 

 ear -coverts brown somewhat speckled cream-colour ; chin, upper- 

 throat and centre of belly white tinged sometimes pale yellow and 

 sometimes pale buff, sometimes a few brown-black spots on chin 

 and throat ; lower-throat and breast more strongly tinged buff 

 and with conspicuous, short, brown-black streaks ; sides, flanks 

 and under tail-coverts buffish-bro"vvn with longer and Avider brown- 

 black streaks, longer under tail-coverts, sometimes streaked, often 

 unstreaked, sometimes only with dark shaft -lines and with whitish 

 tips ; under wing-coverts and axillaries pale sandy-buff ; tail 

 dark brown with obsolete transverse bars observable in some 

 specimens ; primaries and secondaries browai, inner webs narrowly 

 edged whitish and outer webs j)ale brown, innermost secondaries 

 black-brown Avith narrow pale brown margins ; all wing-coverts 

 as rest of upper-parts. This iDlumage is acquired by complete 

 moult in October-November. Summer.— A complete moult 

 (including Avings and tail) takes place in March-April. Coloration 

 as Avinter. Abrasion has little effect, but under-parts gradually 

 become rather clearer Avhite. 



Nestling. — (Not examined). 



Juvenile. — Like adult but rather darker upper-parts ; chin 

 and upper-throat considerably spotted ; streaks on breast rather 

 thicker than is usual in adults. 



First winter. — Like adults. The juA'enile body-plumage, 

 lesser and median wing-coverts and tail are moulted Sept.-Dec. 



