SURVIVING INDIAN GROUPS—GILBERT 
of the Lumbee River. The first group 
is poverty-stricken and lives under 
primitive conditions, while the second 
is more advanced, more numerous, 
and is economically as well off as its 
white neighbors. 
Miscellaneous Indians of North Caro- 
lina.—In northeastern Person County 
on the Virginia border is located a 
group called Cubans who number 
about 400 persons. They also occur 
just across the State line in Halifax 
County, Va., around Christie and Vir- 
gilina. The chief family names are 
Coleman, Eps, Martin, Shepherd, 
Stewart, and Tally. The State of 
North Carolina maintains an Indian 
school for these pecple near High 
Plains. Near the school the Cubans 
maintain their own Baptist church. 
They also maintain their own social 
lodge. Marriage with either whites 
or Negroes is unusual on the part of 
these people. 
These Person County Indians may 
be descendants of a small band of 
Saponi Indians who, according to 
early census reports, inhabited Gran- 
ville County, N. C. (from which Per- 
son County was later set off). 
In northeastern North Carolina in 
Dare and Hyde Counties and in Roan- 
oke Island are to be found a few Indian 
remnants of the Machapunga Tribe 
mixed with white and Negro blood. 
Their family names are Pugh, Daniels, 
Berry, and Westcott. Just outside the 
town of Hertford, N. C., in Perqui- 
mans County there is a group of mixed- 
bléods who are called the Laster Tribe 
from their most common surname. 
They have a tradition of descent from 
a Moorish or Indian mixed-blood sea 
captain who long before the Civil War 
married a white woman and settled in 
this location. They maintain that 
they were never slaves and have held 
themselves somewhat aloof from the 
neighboring Negroes. At the present 
time they number several hundreds 
and many have gone westward to 
Indiana, Nebraska, and other States. 
In their original settlement they have 
their own school, church, and stores. 
421 
Somewhat to the west of Person 
County in Rockingham County the 
census of 1930 reports a considerable 
body of Indians. The identity of this 
group is not known. Likewise in 
Nash County, eastward of Raleigh, a 
small Indian group is recorded in the 
census of 1930. In Macon County 
near the Cherokee country some 
Croatans are said to have settled. 
15. South Carolina 
The 1930 census reports 969 Indians 
in South Carolina, primarily in Marl- 
boro, Dillon, and York Counties along 
the northern borders, and in Sumter 
and Orangeburg Counties of the cen- 
tral part of the State. About 23 per- 
cent were reported as mixed-bloods, 
26 percent as full-bloods, and the rest 
were not recorded. About 38 percent 
of the Indians were reported as illiter- 
ate. The census apparently reported 
only a small part of the population 
claiming Indian descent, and locally 
the mixed groups are often regarded 
as light mulattoes. There are some 
seven or eight groups distinguished by 
different names in the various counties 
of the Coastal Plain and Piedmont 
areas of the State. These are shown 
in the following table. 
TABLE 1.—Indian groups in South Carolina 
Counties where found 
Marlboro, Dillon, Mar- 
ion, Horry, along 
northeastern borders 
of the State. 
Chesterfield, on north- 
ern border of the 
State. 
York, on northern bor- 
der of the State. 
Charleston, Colleton, 
Dorchester, Berkeley, 
Orangeburg, and 
Clarendon, coastal 
and adjacent areas of 
the State. 
Richland, around Co- 
lumbia, the State 
capital. 
Bamberg, southern part 
of the State. 
Group 
ie@roatanseeeie 
2. Marlboro Blues. 
3. Catawba....... 
4. Brass Ankles... . 
Te pMUGKS 5, «oceceuos eee Sumter, east of Colum- 
bia, the capital. 
RlediWepsia- ier Orangeburg, north of 
Bamberg. 
