No. 8 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I913 59 
of Porto Rico than to that of St. Vincent. The material obtained 
in this field-work will be embodied in a report which Dr. Fewkes has 
in preparation on the magnificent collection of West Indian prehis- 
toric objects owned by George G. Heye, Esq., of New York. The 
exploration was done in cooperation with the Heye Museum. 
Field-work in the West Indian islands was supplemented by a 
visit to those museums in Europe where extensive Antillean collec- 
tions exist. August, September, and October were devoted to study- 
ing prehistoric West Indian objects in Berlin, Bremen, Copenhagen, 
Vienna, and Leipzig. While in the first mentioned city he employed 
Mr. W. von den Steinen to make drawings of the originals of the 
Guesde Collection and many other objects from Hayti, Porto Rico, 
and the Lesser Antilles. 
In the Bremen Museum a stone collar was found to have its knob 
modified into a reptilean head, an unique feature that would seem to 
shed light on the meaning of these objects. The Museum at Copen- 
hagen has a rare ceremonial celt connecting petaloid stone axes with 
stone heads. 
These field-studies and examinations of museum specimens have 
led Dr. Fewkes to the conclusion that in prehistoric times there ex- 
isted in the Antilles a race of sedentary people having a form of 
culture extending from Trinidad to Porto Rico. This culture differed 
in minor details, in the various islands, as the style of stone imple- 
ments, pottery, and other objects of material culture in all these 
islands shows. It was preceded by a life in caves which survived in 
western Cuba and the western peninsula of Hayti down to the time 
of the discovery by Columbus. The Caribs, who came comparatively 
late, brought a different culture that overlaid and, in a measure, ab- 
sorbed the preceding culture in the Lesser Antilles. In other words, 
evidences were found of at least three distinct types of culture in the 
Lesser Antilles: cave, agricultural, and Carib. The second or agri- 
cultural type was found to have the subdivisions localized in the fol- 
lowing groups of islands: Cuba, Santo Domingo, and Porto Rico; 
St. Kitts, including Nevis; the volcanic chain of islands from Guade- 
loupe to Grenada ; Barbados ; and Trinidad. 
As with all other sciences, the highest form of research in culture 
history is comparative. It is universally conceded that the race in- 
habiting the New World, when discovered, had not advanced in 
autochthonous development beyond the neolithic age, whereas in 
Asia, Europe, and Africa a neolithic age was supplemented by one in 
which metals had replaced stone for implements. In the Old World 
