108 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 66 
cast a reddish light upon the darkened sky and upon the people them- 
selves. This reddish light they adopted for their symbolic color and 
for the color of the symbolic shields which they wear on their breasts 
when they go to war. They also made it to represent the sun which 
was their gentile symbol of life. 
Besides these wi’-gi-es Xu-tha Wa-to"-i" gave the ritual of the 
Niki-e degree of his gens, which has four wi’-gi-e and five songs. 
In the month of September, 1915, at Mr. LaFlesche’s invitation, 
Xu-tha Wa-to"-1" visited him on the Omaha Reservation, at which 
time he gave the wi’-gi-e and songs recited and sung by the Tse-do-ga 
I’-dse gens at the Wa-sha-be A-thi", war ceremonies, together with 
a detailed description of the ceremonial forms. A description of 
the Wa-sha-be A-thi" was secured from Wa-xthi-zhi of the I’- 
etho”’-ga gens, but ceremonial etiquette restrained him from giving 
the parts that belonged to the Tse-d6-ga I’-dse gens. The wi-gi-e 
given by Xu-tha Wa-to"-1" are as follow: 
1. Wi’-gi-e of the Sacred Fire, 77 lines. 
2. Wi’-gi-e relating to certain symbolic articles made by the gens, 
400 lines. 
3. W1-gi-e of the Sun and the Moon, 17 lines. 
4. Wi'-gi-e of the Sacred War-club and the Buffalo Bull, 26 lines. 
5. Wi-gi-e of the Elk, Puma, Bee, Black Ant, etc., 58 lines. 
6. Wi-gi-e relating to the Cleaning of the Sacred Pipe, 47 lines. 
Following are the songs given by Xu-tha Wa-to"-1": 
1. Hi"’-no"-xpe Ga-xe Wa-tho", Song 1, four stanzas ; Song 2, four 
stanzas; Song 3, one stanza; Song 4, three stanzas; Song 5, four 
n 
stanzas ; Song 6, six stanzas. 
2. Wa-ts’é-the Wa-tho", Song 1, eight stanzas. 
3. Wa-tsé Wa-tho" To’-ga, Song I, five stanzas; Song 2, four 
stanzas. 
4. Tsi-u-thu-gi-pe Wa-tho", Song 1, twelve stanzas. 
The wi’-gi-e and songs that have been recently secured from 
Xu-tha Wa-to"-1", with explanatory notes, have not yet been put 
together and typewritten. On account of other work in process, per- 
taining to the Osage rites, it will be some time before these can be 
taken up. 
While presenting this report, word has been received that Xu-tha 
Wa-to’-i" died in December, 1915. (See portrait, fig. 131.) A mem- 
ber of the Tse-do-ga I'’-dse gens informed Mr. La Flesche that 
the portion of the tribal rites committed to his gens had died with 
Xu-tha Wa-to’-i*. This would have been true but for the for- 
tunate circumstance that last September all that the old man knew of 
