NO. 17 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I916 71 
square miles. These bogs are found near the summits of ridges 
in the regions of heavy rainfall, are devoid of trees and shrubs, 
and harbor a peculiar vegetation. Many species form more or 
les 
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globose tussocks which rise above the general level of the 
bog. The most interesting of these tussock plants are a sedge 
Fic. 76—A representative of the peculiar arborescent lobelias (Cyanea sp.). 
Forest near Kaholuamano, Kauai. 
(Oreobolus furcatus) and the three species of Panicum mentioned. 
The panicums form close masses, the interior consisting of many 
generations of dead leaves and stems, scarcely decayed, the exterior 
consisting of short living shoots an inch or two long, with a few 
contiguous ovate blades and reduced panicles of one to a few spike- 
lets. A showy lobelia (L. gaudichaudii) with numerous large 
