﻿NO. 
  1946. 
  PACIFIC 
  MEDUSAE 
  AND 
  8IPH0N0PH0RAE—BIGEL0W. 
  71 
  

  

  Galeolaria 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  examined. 
  Tliis 
  being 
  the 
  case, 
  D. 
  ovata 
  is 
  

   not 
  a 
  Galeolaria; 
  and 
  at 
  first 
  I 
  thought 
  a 
  new 
  genus 
  must 
  be 
  insti- 
  

   tuted 
  for 
  it, 
  but 
  the 
  figure 
  by 
  Lens 
  and 
  Van 
  Riemschjk 
  (1908) 
  of 
  their 
  

   problematical 
  genus 
  ClaiLsopTiyes 
  agrees 
  so 
  well 
  with 
  the 
  posterior 
  

   bell 
  of 
  the 
  Albatross 
  specimens 
  that 
  no 
  doubt 
  they 
  are 
  identical; 
  

   especially 
  since 
  my 
  series 
  includes 
  specimens 
  from 
  the 
  Philippines. 
  

  

  The 
  Albatross 
  specimens 
  of 
  Clausophyes 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  genus 
  has 
  

   no 
  real 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  Prayidae. 
  In 
  the 
  first 
  place, 
  though 
  each 
  

   nectophore 
  has 
  a 
  somatocyst, 
  the 
  two 
  bells 
  are 
  w^holly 
  dissimilar 
  in 
  

   form; 
  and, 
  more 
  important 
  is 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  somatocj'St 
  of 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  one 
  occupies 
  a 
  totally 
  different 
  position 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  

   anterior 
  bell. 
  Furthermore, 
  the 
  somatocyst 
  of 
  the 
  anterior 
  bell 
  is 
  a 
  

   special 
  organ 
  deeply 
  embedded 
  in 
  the 
  gelatinous 
  substance, 
  and 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  posterior 
  one 
  is 
  structurally 
  like 
  it, 
  whereas 
  in 
  all 
  Prajdds 
  the 
  

   somatocyst, 
  or 
  branching 
  system 
  which 
  represents 
  it 
  (as 
  in 
  Necto- 
  

   droma), 
  is 
  merely 
  a 
  slightly 
  thickened 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  canal 
  system, 
  

   structurally 
  much 
  simpler 
  than 
  the 
  somatocyst 
  in 
  Diphyds, 
  though 
  

   fundamentally 
  homologous 
  with 
  it. 
  

  

  These 
  facts 
  point 
  to 
  the 
  conclusion 
  that 
  ClausopJiyes 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  link 
  

   connecting 
  the 
  two 
  families, 
  but 
  an 
  offshoot 
  of 
  {he 
  Diphyidae, 
  in 
  

   which 
  the 
  canal 
  system 
  of 
  the 
  posterior 
  nectophore 
  has 
  secondarily 
  

   developed 
  a 
  somatocyst. 
  General 
  form 
  suggests 
  that 
  its 
  affinities 
  

   are 
  with 
  the 
  Galeolarinae 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  so 
  aberrant 
  that 
  it 
  seems 
  wisest 
  

   to 
  make 
  it 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  a 
  new 
  subfamily. 
  

  

  It 
  seems 
  necessary 
  to 
  separate 
  the 
  Siboga 
  and 
  Albatross 
  specimens 
  

   specifically 
  from 
  the 
  Mediterranean 
  ovata, 
  because 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  nectophore 
  is 
  provided 
  with 
  two 
  large 
  and 
  noticeable 
  teeth, 
  

   whereas 
  in 
  ovata 
  this 
  region 
  is 
  represented 
  as 
  rounded 
  (Keferstein 
  and 
  

   Ehlers, 
  1861, 
  pi. 
  5, 
  fig. 
  1), 
  and 
  because 
  the 
  basal 
  teeth 
  have 
  proved 
  

   to 
  be 
  valuable 
  specific 
  characters 
  in 
  the 
  Diphyidae 
  in 
  general 
  on 
  

   account 
  of 
  their 
  constancy. 
  But 
  fresh 
  Mediterranean 
  material 
  must 
  

   be 
  examined 
  before 
  the 
  matter 
  can 
  be 
  settled 
  definitely. 
  

  

  CLAUSOPHYES 
  GALATEA 
  Lens 
  and 
  Van 
  Riemsdijk, 
  

   Plate 
  6, 
  figs. 
  1, 
  2. 
  

   Clausophyes 
  t/alatea 
  Lens 
  and 
  Van 
  Riemsduk, 
  1908, 
  p. 
  12, 
  pi. 
  1, 
  figs. 
  6-8. 
  

  

  Station 
  4909, 
  300-0 
  fathoms; 
  2 
  upper 
  and 
  2 
  lower 
  nectophores; 
  

   fragmentary. 
  

  

  Station 
  4954, 
  south 
  of 
  Shikoku 
  Island, 
  Japan; 
  850-0 
  fathoms; 
  1 
  

   complete 
  specimen 
  and 
  1 
  loose 
  posterior 
  nectophore. 
  

  

  Station 
  5064, 
  300-0 
  fathoms; 
  1 
  upper 
  and 
  1 
  lower 
  nectophore. 
  

  

  Also 
  Philippine 
  Islands, 
  Albatross 
  station 
  5320, 
  1908; 
  1 
  upper 
  and 
  

   1 
  lower 
  nectophore. 
  

  

  The 
  northwestern 
  Pacific 
  specimens 
  have 
  been 
  flattened 
  out 
  more 
  or 
  

   less, 
  the 
  subumbral 
  surfaces 
  of 
  the 
  nectosac 
  are 
  largely 
  destroyed, 
  and 
  

  

  