﻿NO. 
  1948. 
  XEW 
  BROTVLID 
  AND 
  CARAPID 
  FISHES— 
  RADCLIFFE. 
  165 
  

  

  bear 
  the 
  enlarged 
  parapophyses 
  greatly 
  reduced, 
  mere 
  rudiments, 
  

   the 
  ends 
  of 
  median 
  ones 
  coalescent 
  with 
  the 
  parapophyses. 
  The 
  

   accompanying 
  photographs 
  are 
  from 
  the 
  type. 
  (PL 
  14.) 
  The 
  nearest 
  

   approach 
  to 
  this 
  remarkable 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  vertebrae 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  

   the 
  hake 
  (Merluccius), 
  and 
  two 
  photographs 
  of 
  the 
  abdominal 
  verte- 
  

   brae 
  of 
  Merluccius 
  productus 
  (Cat. 
  No. 
  26495, 
  U.S.N.M.) 
  from 
  Monte- 
  

   rey, 
  California, 
  are 
  shown 
  for 
  comparative 
  purposes. 
  (PL 
  15.) 
  

   Type 
  of 
  the 
  genus. 
  — 
  Hypopleuron 
  caninum, 
  new 
  species. 
  

  

  HYPOPLEURON 
  CANINUM 
  Smith 
  and 
  Radcliffe, 
  new 
  species. 
  

   Plate 
  13, 
  fig. 
  2; 
  plate 
  14, 
  3 
  figs. 
  

  

  Dorsal 
  160; 
  caudal 
  12; 
  anal 
  122; 
  ventrals 
  1; 
  pectorals 
  24. 
  

  

  Head 
  5.12 
  (5.18 
  in 
  total 
  length), 
  low, 
  pointed, 
  depressed, 
  elongate, 
  

   dorsal 
  contoiu* 
  nearly 
  horizontal, 
  greatest 
  breadth 
  about 
  1.4 
  times 
  

   greatest 
  depth; 
  body 
  slender, 
  elongate, 
  strongly 
  compressed 
  pos- 
  

   teriorly, 
  greatest 
  depth 
  8.28 
  (8.52 
  in 
  total 
  length); 
  eye 
  6.78 
  in 
  head, 
  

   1.68 
  in 
  snout, 
  1.42 
  in 
  interorbital, 
  high, 
  lateral, 
  elhptical-oval; 
  snout 
  

   4.05, 
  depressed, 
  pointed; 
  mouth 
  large, 
  obhque, 
  lower 
  jaw 
  narrow, 
  

   projecting 
  beyond 
  tip 
  of 
  upper; 
  maxillary 
  2.39, 
  reaching 
  vertical 
  

   from 
  posterior 
  margin 
  of 
  eye, 
  expanded 
  posteriorly, 
  greatest 
  breadth 
  

   equal 
  to 
  diameter 
  of 
  eye; 
  mandibular 
  teeth 
  in 
  narrow 
  bands, 
  small, 
  

   villiform, 
  mterspersed 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  slightly 
  enlarged 
  teeth 
  on 
  sides, 
  

   premaxillary 
  band 
  of 
  teeth 
  somewhat 
  wider, 
  villiform, 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  

   small, 
  incurved 
  canme 
  teeth 
  on 
  anterior 
  margin, 
  vomerine 
  teeth 
  

   unequal, 
  in 
  a 
  p-shaped 
  patch; 
  palatine 
  band 
  narrow, 
  a 
  few 
  enlarged 
  

   teeth 
  present; 
  interorbital 
  4.78, 
  broad, 
  flattened; 
  nostrils 
  close 
  

   together, 
  anterior 
  circular, 
  with 
  a 
  raised 
  margin; 
  opercle 
  and 
  pre- 
  

   opercle 
  unarmed; 
  pseudobranchiae 
  present, 
  consisting 
  of 
  about 
  6 
  

   small 
  filaments; 
  gills 
  4, 
  a 
  sHt 
  behind 
  the 
  fourth; 
  gill-filaments 
  well 
  

   developed, 
  only 
  3 
  gill-rakers 
  developed 
  on 
  anterior 
  arch; 
  branchi- 
  

   ostegals 
  8; 
  stomach 
  nearly 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  head; 
  pyloric 
  ooeca 
  well 
  

   developed, 
  about 
  10 
  in 
  a 
  row 
  along 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  gut 
  adjacent 
  to 
  the 
  

   pylorus; 
  the 
  abdominal 
  vertebrae 
  with 
  strongly 
  expanded 
  dipper- 
  

   shaped 
  parapophyses, 
  extending 
  sHghtly 
  downward 
  and 
  outward 
  

   as 
  in 
  Merluccius, 
  thence 
  inward 
  forming 
  a 
  bony 
  case 
  nearly 
  enclosmg 
  

   cavity 
  normally 
  occupied 
  by 
  air 
  bladder; 
  the 
  margm 
  of 
  each 
  para- 
  

   pophysis 
  strongly 
  infolded, 
  forming 
  a 
  cup 
  shaped 
  pocket; 
  mesially 
  

   the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  ribs 
  are 
  coalesced 
  with 
  the 
  parapophyses, 
  on 
  the 
  ninth 
  

   vertebra 
  the 
  tip 
  of 
  the 
  slender 
  rib 
  is 
  free, 
  at 
  about 
  the 
  thirteenth 
  the 
  

   rib 
  is 
  entirely 
  free; 
  the 
  free 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  parapophyses 
  are 
  united 
  by 
  

   a 
  thick 
  walled 
  integument 
  ; 
  this 
  structure 
  as 
  is 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  species 
  of 
  

   Merluccius 
  represents 
  the 
  ventral 
  wall 
  of 
  the 
  air 
  bladder 
  so 
  that 
  in 
  

   caninum 
  it 
  is 
  confined 
  within 
  the 
  bony 
  case 
  formed 
  by 
  the 
  expanded 
  

   parapophyses; 
  scales 
  small, 
  cycloid, 
  somewhat 
  deciduous; 
  tip 
  of 
  

   snout 
  and 
  a 
  narrow 
  area 
  including 
  nostrils 
  and 
  extending 
  backward 
  

  

  