﻿NOTES 
  ON 
  SOME 
  FOSSIL 
  HORSES, 
  WITH 
  DESCRIPTIONS 
  

   OF 
  FOUR 
  NEW 
  SPECIES. 
  

  

  By 
  Oliver 
  P. 
  Hay, 
  

  

  Research 
  Associate 
  of 
  the 
  Carnegie 
  Institution 
  of 
  Washington. 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  detailed 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  paper 
  have 
  been 
  arrived 
  at 
  

   during 
  the 
  writer's 
  studies 
  on 
  the 
  Pleistocene 
  Vertebrata 
  of 
  North 
  

   America, 
  pursued 
  under 
  the 
  auspices 
  of 
  the 
  Carnegie 
  Institution 
  of 
  

   Washington. 
  The 
  materials 
  here 
  mentioned 
  are 
  preserved 
  in 
  various 
  

   collections, 
  as 
  follows: 
  In 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  National 
  Museum; 
  the 
  

   Academy 
  of 
  Natural 
  Sciences 
  of 
  Philadelphia; 
  the 
  Wagner 
  Free 
  

   Institute 
  of 
  Science, 
  Philadelphia; 
  the 
  American 
  Museum 
  of 
  Natural 
  

   History, 
  New 
  York; 
  Yale 
  University 
  Museum, 
  and 
  the 
  University 
  

   of 
  Kansas. 
  To 
  the 
  officers 
  of 
  these 
  institutions 
  the 
  thanks 
  of 
  the 
  

   writer 
  are 
  due 
  for 
  freely 
  given 
  permission 
  to 
  study 
  these 
  materials. 
  

   Especially 
  is 
  the 
  writer 
  indebted 
  to 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  Kansas 
  for 
  

   permission 
  to 
  describe 
  the 
  fine 
  skuU 
  made 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  Equus 
  laurentius, 
  

   and 
  for 
  photographs 
  of 
  it; 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  Carnegie 
  Institution 
  of 
  Wash- 
  

   ington 
  for 
  permission 
  to 
  publish 
  in 
  advance 
  these 
  results. 
  

  

  EQUUS 
  FRATERNUS 
  Leidy. 
  

  

  In 
  1901 
  Mr. 
  J. 
  W. 
  Gidley, 
  now 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  National 
  

   Museum, 
  published 
  a 
  valuable 
  paper 
  on 
  the 
  fossil 
  horses 
  of 
  North 
  

   America.^ 
  However, 
  in 
  that 
  paper, 
  as 
  it 
  seems 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  

   writer, 
  Mr. 
  Gidley 
  fell 
  into 
  certain 
  errors 
  which 
  it 
  seems 
  desirable 
  

   should 
  be 
  corrected. 
  

  

  In 
  discussing 
  the 
  status 
  of 
  Leidy's 
  Equus 
  fraternus, 
  Mr. 
  Gidley 
  

   came 
  to 
  the 
  conclusion 
  that 
  Cope,^ 
  in 
  choosing 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  

   teeth 
  which 
  Leidy 
  had 
  included 
  under 
  his 
  species, 
  had 
  picked 
  out 
  

   the 
  wrong 
  tooth 
  as 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  E. 
  fraternus. 
  Mr. 
  Gidley, 
  therefore, 
  

   selected 
  another 
  tooth 
  as 
  type 
  of 
  this 
  species, 
  the 
  one 
  which 
  Leidy 
  

   represented 
  by 
  figure 
  8 
  of 
  plate 
  15 
  in 
  Holmes's 
  Post-pliocene 
  Fossils 
  of 
  

   South 
  Carolina. 
  However, 
  the 
  tooth 
  taken 
  by 
  Cope 
  as 
  the 
  type 
  was 
  

   one 
  of 
  those 
  before 
  Leidy 
  when 
  he 
  gave 
  the 
  name, 
  and 
  he 
  likewise 
  

   figured 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  publication 
  (pi. 
  15, 
  fig. 
  6). 
  It 
  must, 
  therefore^ 
  

   according 
  to 
  the 
  established 
  rules 
  of 
  nomenclature, 
  remain 
  the 
  type 
  

  

  1 
  Bull. 
  Amer. 
  Mus. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  vol. 
  14, 
  pp. 
  91-142, 
  pis. 
  18-21, 
  figs. 
  1-25. 
  

  

  2 
  Proc. 
  Amer. 
  Philos. 
  Soc, 
  vol. 
  34, 
  p. 
  467. 
  

  

  Proceedings 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum, 
  Vol. 
  44— 
  No. 
  1969. 
  

  

  