﻿FILTRABLE 
  VIEUSES 
  BOYCOTT 
  325 
  

  

  dare 
  say, 
  even 
  less, 
  but 
  what 
  was 
  left 
  after 
  he 
  had 
  done 
  with 
  it 
  would 
  

   be 
  either 
  a 
  cow 
  or 
  not 
  a 
  cow 
  — 
  its 
  essential 
  cowness 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  other 
  

   than 
  integral. 
  The 
  live 
  world 
  is 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  such 
  discontinuous 
  

   pieces; 
  so, 
  we 
  now 
  learn, 
  is 
  the 
  dead 
  world. 
  The 
  notion 
  that 
  all 
  

   matter 
  is 
  particulate 
  is 
  of 
  immemorial 
  antiquity, 
  and 
  as 
  we 
  go 
  further 
  

   in 
  its 
  ultimate 
  analysis 
  we 
  come 
  always 
  to 
  particles 
  of 
  ever-decreasing 
  

   size; 
  fractional 
  atomic 
  weights 
  are 
  as 
  impossible 
  as 
  fractional 
  animals; 
  

   the 
  quantum 
  theory 
  tells 
  us 
  that 
  energy 
  is 
  also 
  parceled 
  out 
  in 
  bits; 
  

   light 
  consists 
  of 
  particles 
  and, 
  though 
  the 
  ether 
  dies 
  hard, 
  the 
  belief 
  

   that 
  there 
  is 
  anywhere 
  a 
  continuum 
  — 
  something 
  without 
  a 
  grained 
  

   structure 
  — 
  has 
  been 
  almost 
  entirely 
  abandoned. 
  Discontinuities 
  — 
  in 
  

   the 
  structure 
  of 
  atoms 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  sizes 
  of 
  the 
  stars 
  — 
  are 
  now 
  as 
  char- 
  

   acteristic 
  of 
  the 
  dead 
  world 
  as 
  of 
  the 
  live. 
  

  

  (6) 
  When 
  Rutherford 
  and 
  Soddy 
  made 
  people 
  beheve 
  that 
  one 
  

   element 
  really 
  could 
  be 
  derived 
  from 
  another, 
  they 
  did 
  for 
  dead 
  

   things 
  what 
  Darwin 
  had 
  done 
  for 
  live 
  things; 
  indeed 
  they 
  did 
  rather 
  

   more,, 
  for 
  they 
  backed 
  their 
  proposal 
  with 
  experimental 
  proof 
  which 
  

   neither 
  Darwin 
  nor 
  anyone 
  else 
  had 
  produced 
  in 
  the 
  biological 
  sphere. 
  

   In 
  neither 
  instance 
  was 
  the 
  idea 
  wholly 
  new; 
  suggestions 
  of 
  various 
  

   kinds 
  had 
  adumbrated 
  the 
  change. 
  "Evolution" 
  was 
  originally 
  

   used 
  in 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  cosmos, 
  but 
  it 
  was 
  from 
  zoology 
  and 
  botany 
  

   that 
  it 
  spread 
  through 
  the 
  descriptions 
  of 
  all 
  human 
  experience 
  

   before 
  it 
  was 
  applied 
  to 
  what 
  had 
  been 
  supposed 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  ultimate 
  

   verities 
  of 
  matter. 
  And 
  now, 
  neglecting 
  the 
  time 
  factor, 
  chemical 
  

   elements 
  are 
  not 
  necessarily 
  more 
  stable 
  than 
  zoological 
  species. 
  

   For 
  practical 
  purposes 
  lead 
  is 
  lead 
  and 
  a 
  dog 
  is 
  a 
  dog, 
  but 
  now 
  we 
  

   have 
  to 
  apply 
  to 
  both 
  the 
  reservation 
  that 
  they 
  have 
  not 
  always 
  been 
  

   so, 
  and 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  trusted 
  to 
  be 
  so 
  indefinitely 
  in 
  the 
  future. 
  

  

  The 
  disintegration 
  of 
  the 
  radioactive 
  elements 
  takes 
  place 
  auto- 
  

   matically: 
  it 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  started, 
  stopped, 
  controlled, 
  or 
  modified; 
  

   its 
  progress 
  is 
  simply 
  a 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  lapse 
  of 
  time. 
  The 
  modes 
  by 
  

   which 
  organic 
  evolution 
  has 
  been 
  supposed 
  to 
  take 
  place 
  are 
  beyond 
  

   our 
  discussion, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  impossible 
  that 
  it 
  follows 
  the 
  same 
  plan. 
  

   Osborn 
  and 
  other 
  experts 
  hold 
  that 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  any 
  evolutionary 
  

   sequence 
  of 
  animals 
  is 
  predetermined 
  from 
  the 
  beginning; 
  this 
  

   "orthogenesis" 
  may 
  be 
  interfered 
  with 
  by 
  circumstances 
  and 
  oppor- 
  

   tunities, 
  for 
  live 
  organisms 
  are 
  obviously 
  liable 
  to 
  meet 
  conditions 
  in 
  

   this 
  world 
  which 
  they 
  can 
  not 
  resist, 
  and 
  which 
  may 
  deflect 
  them 
  

   from 
  a 
  predestined 
  track 
  or 
  bring 
  them 
  to 
  an 
  end 
  altogether; 
  dead 
  

   elements 
  meet 
  their 
  difficulties 
  elsewhere 
  in 
  the 
  universe. 
  

  

  (c) 
  The 
  classification 
  of 
  the 
  elements 
  which 
  have 
  developed 
  by 
  this 
  

   evolutionary 
  process 
  recalls 
  the 
  familiar 
  schemes 
  of 
  botanists 
  and 
  

   zoologists 
  which 
  show 
  at 
  once 
  the 
  affinities 
  of 
  animals 
  and 
  plants 
  to 
  

   one 
  another 
  and 
  (though 
  here 
  there 
  is 
  of 
  course 
  a 
  certain 
  amount 
  of 
  

   guess 
  work) 
  their 
  phylogenetic 
  relationships. 
  Animals 
  were 
  originally 
  

  

  