﻿CLIMATE 
  AND 
  MIGEATION 
  — 
  CURRY 
  427 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  two 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  identical 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  continents 
  are 
  concerned. 
  

   Both 
  are 
  world-wide 
  phenomena. 
  The 
  changes 
  of 
  climate 
  which 
  have 
  

   been 
  discussed 
  above 
  as 
  found 
  by 
  Huntington 
  to 
  have 
  taken 
  place 
  in 
  

   Central 
  Asia 
  are, 
  he 
  claims, 
  similar 
  in 
  nature 
  to 
  both 
  the 
  Bruckner 
  

   and 
  the 
  glacial 
  cycles, 
  and 
  lie 
  between 
  them 
  in 
  intensity. 
  In 
  his 
  opin- 
  

   ion 
  it 
  is 
  reasonable 
  to 
  suppose 
  that 
  the 
  three 
  types 
  of 
  climatic 
  change 
  

   are 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  nature, 
  are 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  solar 
  origin, 
  and 
  are 
  of 
  equally 
  

   wide 
  distribution. 
  This 
  may 
  be 
  true, 
  but 
  he 
  does 
  not 
  adduce 
  sufRcient 
  

   evidence 
  to 
  justify 
  the 
  acceptance 
  of 
  these 
  hypotheses, 
  either 
  as 
  regards 
  

   the 
  nature 
  or 
  origin 
  of 
  his 
  third 
  type. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  above 
  precis 
  of 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  Ellsworth 
  Huntington 
  it 
  

   will 
  be 
  clear 
  that 
  an 
  examination 
  of 
  historical, 
  and 
  perhaps 
  prehistori- 
  

   cal, 
  data 
  should 
  yield 
  further 
  results. 
  

  

  Professor 
  Myres, 
  Wykeham 
  professor 
  of 
  ancient 
  history 
  at 
  Oxford, 
  

   in 
  an 
  authoritative 
  sketch 
  of 
  the 
  dawn 
  of 
  history 
  ^ 
  remarks: 
  

  

  The 
  Arabian 
  desert 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  earth's 
  great 
  reservoirs 
  of 
  men. 
  Much 
  of 
  it, 
  

   indeed, 
  is 
  usually 
  uninhabitable; 
  but 
  its 
  surface, 
  gently 
  sloping 
  eastward 
  till 
  it 
  

   dips 
  into 
  the 
  Persian 
  Gulf, 
  is 
  much 
  more 
  diversified 
  than 
  the 
  Libyan 
  desert 
  by 
  

   hollows 
  which 
  are 
  moist 
  enough 
  for 
  grass 
  * 
  * 
  * 
  When 
  the 
  supply 
  of 
  m^oisture 
  

   is 
  at 
  its 
  maximum, 
  Arabia 
  can 
  therefore 
  breed 
  and 
  support 
  vast 
  masses 
  of 
  pastoral 
  

   folk, 
  each 
  with 
  its 
  wealth 
  of 
  sheep 
  and 
  goats, 
  its 
  rigid 
  patriarchal 
  society, 
  its 
  

   ill-defined 
  orbit 
  within 
  which 
  it 
  claims 
  first 
  bite 
  of 
  the 
  grass 
  and 
  first 
  draught 
  

   from 
  the 
  wells, 
  which 
  it 
  believes 
  its 
  forefathers 
  opened. 
  But 
  if 
  moisture 
  fails, 
  

   as 
  there 
  seems 
  reason 
  to 
  believe 
  that 
  it 
  does 
  from 
  time 
  to 
  time, 
  in 
  large 
  pulsations 
  

   of 
  climatic 
  change, 
  man 
  and 
  his 
  flocks 
  must 
  either 
  escape 
  or 
  perish. 
  Fortunately, 
  

   escape 
  is 
  easy; 
  the 
  tribes 
  are 
  always 
  on 
  the 
  move; 
  and 
  the 
  drought 
  spreads 
  but 
  

   gradually. 
  

  

  In 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  Indo-European 
  languages 
  

   he 
  says 
  (p. 
  195): 
  

  

  Their 
  wide 
  geographical 
  range, 
  from 
  our 
  own 
  islands 
  to 
  northern 
  India, 
  and 
  

   from 
  south 
  Persia 
  to 
  Norway, 
  is 
  nevertheless 
  limited 
  enough 
  to 
  suggest 
  that 
  the 
  

   whole 
  group 
  stands 
  in 
  somewhat 
  the 
  same 
  relation 
  to 
  the 
  northern 
  grassland, 
  as 
  

   the 
  Semitic 
  languages 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  Arabia. 
  Though 
  the 
  Indo-European 
  languages 
  

   differ 
  far 
  more 
  widely 
  from 
  one 
  another 
  than 
  even 
  the 
  most 
  distinct 
  among 
  the 
  

   Semitic 
  group, 
  they 
  all 
  possess 
  a 
  recognizable 
  type 
  of 
  grammatical 
  structure, 
  and 
  

   a 
  small 
  stock 
  of 
  words 
  common 
  to 
  them 
  all, 
  for 
  the 
  numerals, 
  family 
  relationships, 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  certain 
  animals 
  and 
  plants 
  * 
  * 
  * 
  It 
  is 
  still 
  generally 
  

   believed, 
  in 
  spite 
  of 
  much 
  discouraging 
  experience 
  in 
  detail, 
  that 
  from 
  this 
  primi- 
  

   tive 
  vocabulary 
  it 
  is 
  possible 
  to 
  discover 
  something 
  of 
  the 
  conditions 
  of 
  life 
  in 
  

   regions 
  where 
  a 
  common 
  ancestor 
  of 
  all 
  these 
  languages 
  was 
  spoken 
  ; 
  and 
  when 
  we 
  

   find 
  it 
  generally 
  admitted, 
  (1) 
  that 
  the 
  domestic 
  animals 
  of 
  this 
  "Indo-European 
  

   home" 
  included 
  the 
  horse, 
  cow, 
  and 
  pig, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  sheep, 
  goat, 
  and 
  dog, 
  and 
  that 
  

   the 
  cow 
  was 
  the 
  most 
  honored 
  of 
  all; 
  (2) 
  that 
  these 
  societies, 
  though 
  mainly 
  

   pastoral, 
  were 
  not 
  nomad, 
  but 
  had 
  homes 
  and 
  some 
  agriculture; 
  that 
  they 
  used 
  

   both 
  plow 
  and 
  cart, 
  had 
  a 
  considerable 
  list 
  of 
  names 
  for 
  trees, 
  and 
  some 
  experi- 
  

   ence 
  of 
  the 
  simplest 
  forms 
  of 
  trade; 
  (3) 
  that 
  the 
  social 
  structure 
  was 
  patriarchal, 
  

   and 
  that 
  the 
  patriarchal 
  households 
  lived 
  in 
  large 
  loosely 
  federated 
  groups 
  under 
  

   elected 
  chiefs; 
  we 
  are 
  probably 
  not 
  far 
  wrong 
  in 
  regarding 
  the 
  first 
  users 
  of 
  this 
  

  

  > 
  The 
  DawD 
  of 
  History, 
  p. 
  104. 
  Home 
  University 
  Library 
  (Butterworth, 
  reprint 
  1027). 
  

  

  