﻿430 
  ANNUAT^ 
  REPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1929 
  

  

  and 
  displacing 
  the 
  tribes 
  in 
  Germany. 
  The 
  Roman 
  Empire 
  was 
  

   divided 
  in 
  395 
  A. 
  D. 
  The 
  Goths 
  were 
  settled 
  in 
  Moesia 
  about 
  390 
  

   A. 
  D. 
  The 
  Western 
  Empire 
  succumbed 
  to 
  the 
  Germans, 
  who 
  after 
  

   inundating 
  Gaul, 
  Britain, 
  Spain, 
  and 
  the 
  North 
  African 
  Province 
  

   seized 
  the 
  imperial 
  diadem 
  in 
  476 
  A. 
  D. 
  The 
  Hunnish 
  Empire 
  in 
  

   Europe 
  was 
  broken 
  up 
  about 
  460 
  A. 
  D. 
  by 
  fresh 
  swarms 
  of 
  immi- 
  

   grants 
  from 
  Asia. 
  

  

  Almost 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  year 
  the 
  Huns 
  poured 
  into 
  India 
  and 
  over- 
  

   whelmed 
  the 
  kingdoms 
  of 
  the 
  north. 
  About 
  456 
  A. 
  D. 
  the 
  Sassanian 
  

   dynasty 
  of 
  Persia 
  built 
  the 
  walls 
  at 
  Darbend 
  and 
  at 
  Aboskun 
  (men- 
  

   tioned 
  already 
  as 
  now 
  being 
  below 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  Caspian) 
  as 
  a 
  

   defence 
  against 
  the 
  nomads. 
  They 
  were 
  able 
  by 
  this 
  means 
  to 
  avoid 
  

   their 
  fate 
  for 
  a 
  time, 
  but 
  by 
  484 
  A. 
  D. 
  all 
  resistance 
  had 
  ceased. 
  

  

  The 
  sixth 
  and 
  last 
  period 
  is 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  eleventh, 
  twelfth, 
  and 
  

   thirteenth 
  centuries, 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  "mid 
  Magyar 
  horsemen" 
  

   were 
  restless 
  in 
  Europe. 
  During 
  the 
  thirteenth 
  century 
  swarm 
  after 
  

   swarm 
  of 
  Mongols 
  poured 
  into 
  Europe 
  and 
  into 
  India. 
  

  

  The 
  dates 
  marking 
  the 
  duration 
  of 
  the 
  fourth, 
  fifth, 
  and 
  sixth 
  of 
  

   these 
  periods 
  are 
  matters 
  of 
  exact 
  historical 
  record. 
  Those 
  of 
  the 
  

   first, 
  second, 
  and 
  third 
  are 
  fixed 
  less 
  finally 
  by 
  historical 
  evidence, 
  by 
  

   tradition, 
  and 
  as 
  a 
  result 
  of 
  archeological 
  investigation 
  in 
  both 
  con- 
  

   tinents 
  and 
  in 
  Egypt 
  and 
  the 
  Aegean. 
  Each 
  period 
  lasted 
  from 
  about 
  

   three 
  to 
  nearly 
  four 
  centuries; 
  and 
  the 
  intervening 
  periods 
  were 
  of 
  a 
  

   similar 
  duration. 
  During 
  the 
  intervening 
  periods 
  civilized 
  and 
  

   organized 
  states 
  were 
  developed 
  in 
  some 
  or 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  regions 
  south 
  of 
  

   the 
  mountain 
  zone. 
  

  

  Between 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  second 
  migratory 
  periods 
  the 
  Theban 
  dynas- 
  

   ties 
  reorganized 
  Egypt 
  and 
  founded 
  the 
  "New 
  Empire." 
  Minoan 
  

   civilization 
  dominated 
  the 
  Aegean. 
  The 
  Canaanites 
  settled 
  down 
  in 
  

   prosperous 
  communities 
  in 
  Palestine 
  and 
  Syria, 
  and 
  the 
  Assyrian 
  

   power 
  grew 
  steadily 
  in 
  Mesopotamia. 
  

  

  Between 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  third 
  periods 
  the 
  Ar^^ans 
  developed 
  the 
  

   Vedic 
  civilization 
  of 
  India, 
  the 
  Hittite 
  state 
  grew 
  up 
  in 
  Asia 
  Minor, 
  

   Egypt, 
  Judea, 
  and 
  Mesopotamia 
  were 
  all 
  prosperous. 
  This 
  was 
  the 
  

   Achaean 
  age 
  of 
  Homer. 
  

  

  After 
  the 
  third 
  migratory 
  period 
  civilization 
  burst 
  suddenly 
  into 
  

   full 
  flower 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  chain, 
  in 
  India, 
  

   in 
  Persia, 
  in 
  Asia 
  Minor, 
  in 
  Greece, 
  and 
  in 
  Italy. 
  In 
  each 
  case 
  it 
  

   occurred 
  after 
  a 
  fusion 
  of 
  the 
  "Aryan" 
  or 
  "Indo-European," 
  races 
  

   with 
  the 
  earlier 
  inhabitants 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  cHmate 
  suitable 
  to 
  agriculture 
  and 
  

   to 
  a 
  "high 
  stage 
  of 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  Indo-European." 
  

  

  After 
  the 
  fourth 
  migratory 
  period 
  India, 
  Persia, 
  and 
  Greece 
  

   suffered 
  a 
  relative 
  decline, 
  and 
  Italy 
  was 
  preeminently 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  

   civilization. 
  The 
  countries 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  zone 
  were 
  begin- 
  

   ning 
  to 
  develop 
  under 
  Roman 
  influence. 
  

  

  