﻿486 
  ANNUAL 
  REPOET 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1929 
  

  

  houses 
  and 
  contained 
  the 
  idols 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  families. 
  In 
  addi- 
  

   tion 
  to 
  the 
  household 
  of 
  the 
  cacique, 
  consisting 
  of 
  his 
  wives 
  and 
  im- 
  

   mediate 
  relations, 
  a 
  prehistoric 
  village 
  ordinarily 
  contained 
  also 
  men, 
  

   women, 
  and 
  children 
  of 
  more 
  distant 
  kinship." 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  five 
  leading 
  caciques 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  discovery 
  only 
  one, 
  

   Goacanagaric, 
  who 
  ruled 
  over 
  the 
  Province 
  of 
  Marien, 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  

   coast, 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Rio 
  Yaque 
  del 
  Norte, 
  remained 
  friendly 
  toward 
  

   the 
  Spanish. 
  Marien 
  extended 
  from 
  Cape 
  Nicolas, 
  on 
  the 
  extreme 
  

   northwest, 
  to 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Monte 
  Cristi 
  at 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  Yaque 
  

   River. 
  The 
  Province 
  extended 
  inland 
  to 
  the 
  arid 
  regions 
  of 
  the 
  head- 
  

   waters 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  Yaque 
  and 
  the 
  southern 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  

   Setentrional. 
  

  

  The 
  "inland 
  empire" 
  of 
  the 
  island, 
  the 
  great 
  central 
  plain 
  traversed 
  

   by 
  the 
  Yaque 
  and 
  Yuna 
  Rivers, 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Province 
  of 
  Magna, 
  

   was 
  under 
  the 
  cacique 
  Guarionex. 
  This 
  Province 
  included 
  the 
  cen- 
  

   tral 
  and 
  best 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  Cibao 
  Valley, 
  the 
  so-called 
  Vega 
  Real, 
  

   also 
  the 
  southern 
  alope 
  of 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  Setentrional. 
  On 
  the 
  south 
  

   the 
  Province 
  was 
  bounded 
  by 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  Central. 
  The 
  Valley 
  of 
  

   the 
  Cibao, 
  the 
  "Vega 
  Real," 
  was 
  the 
  most 
  densely 
  populated 
  region 
  

   of 
  aboriginal 
  Haiti. 
  The 
  deep 
  loamy 
  soil 
  received 
  ample 
  rainfall 
  and 
  

   facilitated 
  an 
  intensive 
  development 
  of 
  agriculture. 
  The 
  interior 
  

   section 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  has 
  two 
  periods 
  of 
  heavy 
  rainfall, 
  one 
  in 
  Novem- 
  

   ber, 
  the 
  other 
  in 
  the 
  spring. 
  The 
  western 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  central 
  

   plain 
  is 
  arid 
  and 
  thorn 
  forests 
  begin 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  present-day 
  interior 
  

   town 
  of 
  Santiago 
  de 
  los 
  Cabelleros. 
  On 
  the 
  north 
  coast, 
  the 
  Province 
  

   of 
  Magna 
  extended 
  as 
  far 
  west 
  as 
  Monte 
  Cristi, 
  while 
  in 
  the 
  moun- 
  

   tains 
  of 
  the 
  north 
  it 
  was 
  joined 
  by 
  the 
  territory 
  of 
  the 
  Ciguayans. 
  

  

  Maguana 
  included 
  the 
  central 
  mountains, 
  the 
  Cordillera 
  Central, 
  

   and 
  the 
  lands 
  along 
  the 
  south 
  coast 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  from 
  the 
  Ozama 
  

   River 
  to 
  the 
  lake 
  region 
  in 
  Azua, 
  near 
  the 
  present 
  Haitian-Dominican 
  

   boundary. 
  This 
  Province 
  included 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  Artibonite 
  

   (Hattibonito) 
  River 
  and 
  included 
  generally 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  fertile 
  

   lands 
  of 
  the 
  Cibao. 
  It 
  was 
  from 
  this 
  Province 
  that 
  came 
  rumors 
  of 
  

   gold 
  mines 
  so 
  rich 
  as 
  to 
  arouse 
  the 
  passion 
  of 
  the 
  Spanish 
  colonists. 
  

   The 
  cacique 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  discovery 
  was 
  Caonabo, 
  an 
  immigrant 
  

   from 
  the 
  island 
  of 
  Carib 
  (Porto 
  Rico), 
  as 
  it 
  was 
  known 
  to 
  the 
  

   aborigines. 
  

  

  Xaragua 
  Province 
  formed 
  the 
  southwestern 
  Province 
  of 
  the 
  island. 
  

   It 
  was 
  bounded 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  in 
  part 
  by 
  Maguana 
  and 
  Marien, 
  and 
  

   on 
  the 
  east 
  by 
  Maguana. 
  It 
  included 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  coast 
  with 
  

   the 
  projecting 
  southwestern 
  peninsula. 
  The 
  inner 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  

   Xaragua, 
  now 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Gonaive, 
  and 
  the 
  surrounding 
  

   dry 
  flat 
  land 
  were 
  developed 
  on 
  an 
  extensive 
  scale 
  through 
  the 
  con- 
  

   struction 
  of 
  irrigation 
  canals. 
  Cotton 
  was 
  produced 
  in 
  compara- 
  

   tively 
  large 
  quantities, 
  considering 
  the 
  relatively 
  unclothed 
  condition 
  

  

  