﻿498 
  ANISrUA-L 
  REPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1929 
  

  

  knees, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  ankle. 
  The 
  legs 
  of 
  women 
  were 
  swathed 
  with 
  cotton 
  

   bandages 
  from 
  ankle 
  to 
  the 
  knee. 
  Similar 
  ornamental 
  bandages 
  are 
  

   still 
  worn 
  in 
  southeastern 
  Panama 
  by 
  the 
  Choc6 
  Indians. 
  Presence 
  of 
  

   such 
  cotton 
  bandages 
  is 
  represented 
  on 
  a 
  wooden 
  zemi 
  figurine 
  

   now 
  in 
  the 
  National 
  Museum. 
  

  

  Spindle 
  whorls 
  of 
  burned 
  clay 
  are 
  frequently 
  recovered 
  from 
  

   middens 
  near 
  former 
  village 
  sites 
  throughout 
  the 
  island, 
  while 
  netting 
  

   tools, 
  awls, 
  and 
  needles 
  of 
  bone 
  indicate 
  the 
  extensive 
  use 
  of 
  woven 
  

   cotton 
  yarns. 
  No 
  adequate 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  loom 
  used 
  by 
  the 
  abo- 
  

   rigines 
  of 
  Haiti 
  is 
  available, 
  but 
  Ferdinand 
  Columbus 
  writes 
  that 
  a 
  

   different 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  loom 
  was 
  observed 
  by 
  the 
  Spanish 
  in 
  Cuba. 
  It 
  is 
  

   therefore 
  possible 
  to 
  infer 
  that 
  the 
  Haitian 
  form 
  was 
  the 
  typical 
  South 
  

   American 
  Arawak 
  type, 
  while 
  the 
  Cuban 
  form 
  showed 
  Mexican 
  

   influence. 
  

  

  The 
  finding 
  of 
  earthenware 
  disks, 
  grooved, 
  and 
  otherwise 
  covered 
  

   with 
  incised 
  designs 
  of 
  a 
  geometrical 
  nature 
  has 
  been 
  reported 
  from 
  

   many 
  aboriginal 
  village 
  sites 
  in 
  Haiti. 
  The 
  use 
  made 
  of 
  such 
  ob- 
  

   jects 
  remains 
  problematical. 
  They 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  as 
  stamps 
  

   for 
  applying 
  paint 
  for 
  bodily 
  decoration, 
  or 
  they 
  may 
  have 
  seen 
  use 
  in 
  

   applying 
  decorative 
  designs 
  on 
  cloth. 
  It 
  is 
  more 
  probable 
  that 
  they 
  

   are 
  gaming 
  disks. 
  Tubular 
  disks 
  of 
  earthenware 
  decorated 
  with 
  

   carefully 
  incised 
  geometrical 
  designs 
  are 
  more 
  definitely 
  identified 
  as 
  

   stamps 
  for 
  applying 
  designs 
  to 
  pottery 
  vessels 
  before 
  firing. 
  

  

  Hammocks, 
  both 
  of 
  the 
  netted 
  and 
  woven 
  varieties 
  constitute 
  a 
  

  

  striking 
  example 
  of 
  textile 
  development 
  among 
  a 
  people 
  who 
  wore 
  

  

  little 
  clothing 
  and 
  possessed 
  little 
  cloth, 
  although 
  retaining 
  a 
  South 
  

  

  American 
  weaving 
  technic 
  brought 
  with 
  them 
  to 
  the 
  island 
  from 
  the 
  

  

  mainland. 
  

  

  USES 
  OF 
  STONE 
  

  

  Aboriginal 
  Haitians 
  did 
  not 
  use 
  stone 
  architecturally. 
  There 
  are 
  

   few 
  fixed 
  works, 
  other 
  than 
  shell 
  heaps 
  and 
  large 
  middens 
  near 
  the 
  

   sites 
  of 
  their 
  former 
  villages. 
  The 
  circle 
  of 
  stone 
  bowlders 
  like 
  that 
  

   at 
  San 
  Juan, 
  first 
  described 
  by 
  Schomburgk, 
  occurs 
  elsewhere 
  through- 
  

   out 
  the 
  island, 
  although 
  its 
  appearance 
  is 
  infrequent. 
  The 
  circle 
  of 
  

   granite 
  stones 
  at 
  San 
  Juan, 
  each 
  from 
  25 
  to 
  50 
  pounds 
  in 
  weight, 
  

   are 
  placed 
  close 
  together 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  a 
  circle, 
  having 
  a 
  circumference 
  

   of 
  about 
  one-half 
  mile. 
  Fewkes 
  considered 
  such 
  structures 
  as 
  courts 
  

   for 
  use 
  in 
  playing 
  ball, 
  for 
  ceremonial 
  dances, 
  and 
  for 
  performing 
  

   rites 
  in 
  honor 
  of 
  the 
  dead. 
  The 
  stone 
  circle 
  near 
  Dajabon 
  on 
  the 
  

   headwaters 
  of 
  the 
  Chaquey 
  River 
  is 
  similar 
  in 
  construction 
  to 
  the 
  

   one 
  at 
  San 
  Juan 
  but 
  is 
  much 
  smaller 
  in 
  its 
  dimensions. 
  

  

  Minor 
  objects 
  of 
  carved 
  stone 
  devoted 
  to 
  ceremonial 
  use 
  surpass 
  

   in 
  elaboration 
  of 
  design 
  corresponding 
  Mexican 
  forms 
  which 
  are 
  

   entirely 
  lacking 
  in 
  South 
  American 
  Arawakan 
  art. 
  The 
  stone 
  collars, 
  

   zemis, 
  and 
  stone 
  masks 
  are 
  the 
  most 
  interesting 
  forms 
  of 
  art 
  in 
  stone 
  

  

  