] 92 Dr. Hermann Kopp o?i a great Regulutiti/ in the 



hydrated acetic acid is 709 ; the specific volume of the hy- 

 drated valerianic acid (spec, weight = O-g^i TrommsdorfF, 

 atomic weight = 1738) is 184'2, that is, 1 133 greater than that 

 of the hydrated acetic acid. If we have studied the com- 

 pounds of acetic acid we may then deduce the specific volumes 

 and densities of the corresponding valerianates ; the specific 

 volume of any compound of valerianic acid is 1133 greater 

 than that of acetic acid. The specific volume of acetic aether 

 is 1243, that of valerianic aether must therefore be 1243 

 + 1133 = 2376. The density therefore is equal to the atomic 

 weight 2098 divided by 2376 = 0-833. Otto found it to be 

 0-894. 



Similar laws might be adduced with reference to the boiling 

 points, e. g. if we neglect the small differences resulting from 

 the varying slates of the barometer, the boiling points of all 

 the compounds of aethyi are 18° C. higher than those of the 

 corresponding methyl compounds within the limits of the 

 errors of experiment. 



Formula. Observed boiling point C. Differences. 



Ae O+H^O 78=-4 Gay-Lussac. I o . 



MeO+H^O 60 Kane. / ^" 



Ae +P 64-8 Mitscherlich. \ „ , „ 



Me +P 40-50 Dumas. j- -* » i* » 



AeS+H^S 36-2 Liebig. ^ 



MeS + H^S 21 Gregory. J ii> ^ 



C+AeO 184 Dumas. 



C+MeO 161 Dumas. 



X + Ae O 74 Liebig. 



X-fMeO 58 Dumas. 



Bz + AeO 209 Dumas. 



Bz+MeO 198 Dumas. 



Ae +0^-W 120 Liebig. \ 



Me + O^-H^ 98-5 Liebig. / 



} 



23 



16 

 11 

 21 -5 



Moreover, the boiling points of all the hydrated acids are 45° 

 C. higher than those of the corresponding aethers, and 63° C. 

 higher than the corresponding compounds of methyl ; the boil- 

 in<T points of all the oxalates are 106° higher than those of the 

 acetates; the boiling points of the benzoates 148° C. higher 

 than those of the formates ; the boiling points of the succinates 



