NO. 1G6T. COLLECTION OF ROSARIES— CASANOWICZ. 341 



^5. Chinese rosary. — Consisting of 18 beads made of peach stones, 

 each cut into the form of the fish-shaped templed drum, called in 

 Chinese mo-yii, in Japanese mokugio. Length, 19 inches. China. 

 (Cat. No. 5509, U.S.N.M.) Lent by Miss Eliza R. Scidmore. 



20. Chinese rosary. — Consisting of 18 beads made of the dried and 

 polished fruit of Elaeocarpus. Length, 18 inches. China. (Cat. 

 No. 130408, U.S.N.M.) Lent by Hon. W. W. Rockhill. 



27. Chinese rosary. — Consisting of 18 beads made of the fruit of 

 the Trapa hicornis of China, which resembles a buffalo's head with 

 two blunt horns. Length, 21 inches. China. (Cat. No. 5512, 

 U.S.N.M.) Lent by Miss Eliza R. Scidmore. 



28. Chinese rosary.- — Consisting of 18 oblong amber beads, with 

 two retaining beads. Length, 17 inches. China. ' (Cat. No. 5503, 

 U.S.N.M.) Lent by Miss Eliza R. Scidmore. 



29. Chinese rosary. — Consisting of 50 beads of alternating bone 

 cylinders and oval blue glass pearls. Attached to the retaining bead 

 is a lizard or marmot of jade. Length, 26 inches. China. (Cat. No. 

 5518, U.S.N.M.) Lent by Miss Eliza R. Scidmore. 



C. JAPANESE ROSARIES. 



In the Japanese j'm-dzn the Buddhist rosary attained its highest 

 development. The sho-zoki jiu-dzu., or the rosary used by all sects in 

 common, consists of 112 beads of a uniform size, divided by two 

 large beads, called oya-dama., or parent beads, into two equal parts. 

 They are distinguished into upper parent bead, ten-no oya-dama, 

 also called, father, sun, Buddha, etc., and lower parent bead, chi-no 

 oya-dama., mother, moon. Bo, divine spirit, which inspired and per- 

 fected the enlightenment of Buddha. The ends of the string before 

 being knotted are drawn through the two parent beads which have 

 for this purpose a third opening. From the upper parent bead ex- 

 tend two pendent strings on which are strung 21 beads, rather 

 smaller than those on the main string, in the following manner: 

 Immediately above the large parent bead, on the left side pendent 

 string, is a solitary bead. Beyond this the strings are knotted. Then 

 come five beads on each string when they are again knotted. Still 

 again there are another five beads on each pendant, which then 

 terminates in an elongated bead, called dewdrop, tsuyu-dania. The 

 use of the solitary bead is that in holding the rosary, with the upper 

 parent bead uppermost, it should be in the left hand ; this w^ll insure 

 a right signification to each bead during prayer. The collective 

 name of these pendent beads is kami-deshi, superior disciples. Ex- 

 tending from the lower parent bead are three strings on two of 

 which are five small beads, called shima-deshi, or inferior disciples, 

 each terminating in a dewdrop bead, while the third has ten small 

 beads, without a dewdrop. They are used as counters and are called 



