574 PROCEEDINGS^ OF THE NATIONAL MUi^EUM. vol. xxxvi. 



the pleural wing process and at the same time depresses its costal 

 edge. (Also called preparaptera.) EcaiUe a Allaire Chabrier 

 (1820). Hypoptere and para2)tere Andouin (1824). Appareil de 

 pronation Amans (1885). Alarpleure Verhoeff (1903). Epister- 

 nalgelenl'plattenNo's& (1905). Prc/f/Zcro Berlese (1900). First ixw^ 

 second parapterum Snodgrass (1908). 



Episternum {Eps). — The principal pleural plate lying before or 

 below the pleural suture and pleural ridge, in general forming the 

 anterior half of the pleurum. Episternum Audouin (1824), Kolbe 

 (1889), Crampton (1909). Anterior plate of scapularia in meso- 

 thorax, of parapleura' in metathorax, Kirby and Spence (1826). 

 Premiere iliaque in mesothorax, premiere ischion in metathorax, 

 Straus-Diirckheim (1828). Antepleuron Ama.iis (1885). Coxopleure 

 Verhoeff (1903). 



Femur (F). — The third segment of the leg. Fcmiir Fabrieius 

 (1778). Humerus in j^rothorax, femur in meso- and metathorax, 

 Kirby and Spence (182G). Cuisse Straus-Diirckheim (1828). 



First axillary (i, lAx, transverse shading). — The first articular 

 sclerite of the wing base, hinging upon the anterior notal wing 

 process, and specially connected with the base of the subcostal vein 

 of the wing. In rare cases it is divided into two. Gravid humeral 

 of front wing, scutellaire of hind wing, Jurine (1820). Humerus 

 Chabrier (1820). Preepauliere of elytrum, axillaire antei^ieure of 

 hind wing, Straus-Diirckheim (1828). Parapteron Newport (1839). 

 Sigmoids Amans (1885), Petri (1899). Dois LoAvne (1S92). Yor- 

 dere and mittlere Tergalplatfen YoHi^ (1905). First sclerite of 

 propter o Berlese (190G). 



Fourth axillary (4, 4-^^?, transverse shading). — Tlie fourth articu- 

 lar sclerite of the Aving base, articulating with the posterior notal 

 Aving process mesially and with the third axillary distally. Usually 

 this sclerite is absent, occurring principally in Orlhoptera and H}^- 

 menoptera. Naoieidaire Jurine (1820). Hintere tergalplattc Voss 

 (1905). Not the quatriene axillaire of Straus-Diirckheim (1828). 



Frenulum (Fr) . — A strong spine or bunch of bristles borne by the 

 humeral angle of the hind wing on the base of the costa (204) in 

 most Lepidoptera. By catching in a hook on the under surface of 

 the fore Aving it eerA^es to lock the two together. It is absent in those 

 forms provided Avith a jugum. Tendo Kirby and Spence (182G). 



Furca {Fc). — The biramous apodemes of the thoracic sterna. 

 Sometimes the tAvo arms have separate bases. They are usually at- 

 tached by short muscles or ligaments to the arms of the pleural 

 ridges. (See entosternam.) Entosternum Chabrier (1820), Amans 

 (1885). Entothorax Audouin (1824). Antefarrtf, mcdi furca, aiul 

 postfurca Kirby and Spence (182G). Episfcrue Straus-Diirckheim 

 (1828). ApophT/sen Kolhe (1889), Voss (1905). 



