124 PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
GASTEROSTEUS PUNGITIUS. 
Was found occasionally off Cape Breton coast. 
OSMERUS MORDAX. Smelt. 
Common in August, all along the shoal water. off the wharfs of Cape 
Britain. 
SCOMBER SCOMBRUS. Mackerel. 
Seldom taken at all on the Labrador coast, except as isolated individ- 
uals or by twos and threes. One person at Triangle Harbor took eight 
while we were there, but said that he had not taken as many before in 
as Many years. 
SALMO SALAR. Salmon. 
Common everywhere in the mouths of rivers all along the Labrador 
coast. The most abundant species of the family. 
SALVELINUS FONTINALIS. Speckled Brook-trout. 
Abundant in all the streams along the coast, seldom growing large. 
Is said not to be found in the ponds or far from the mouths of the streams, 
not mingling much if any with the large sea trout. 
MALLOTUS VILLOSUS. Caperlin. 
Abundant in large colonies in shoal water all along the coast. Used 
for cod bait, and pursued and fed on by the codfish in the water. When 
traveling in these large bodies the movements of the whole body seem 
to be almost simultaneous, and though the front of the phalanx is gen- 
erally composed of a single fish, the two sides fall off triangularly, so 
that, strange to say, the change of direction appears, if it is not in 
reality, to be simply the assuming the chief position by any fish, in any 
position along the line, while all the others immediately fall into their 
proper place, and the whole body moves off as an acute triangular 
shaped mass of living Caperlin. When few in number, they delight to 
swim singly, or by twos or threes in a long line, repeatedly sinking and 
swimming under the vessel from side to side, shortly returning again. . 
CLUPEA HARENGUS. LHnglish Herring. 
Abundant north of Blane Sablon, growing more and more so all along 
the Labrador coast, the further down which are the greatest catches. 
The young fish remain about in the waters all the year, if the reports of 
several different individuals can be credited. The people tell me that 
they refrain from catching the fish until September, so that the young 
may have a chance to grow to the fine, large fish for which this region 
is so celebrated, but that the nets might be drawn full of small fish in 
any month of the year when the ice did not interfere. 
GADUS MORRHUA. Common Cod. 
Abundant everywhere; but usually the fish are small, and seldom 
the size of those taken off the Grand Banks. Most of them go to France, 
