192 PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Habitat.—Coasts of Northern Europe, south to Spain, Naples; New- 
port, R. I.; Pensacola; Cape San Lucas; chiefly of the Northeastern 
Atlantic; but four American specimens being known. 
GENUS 3.—CARANX La Cépéde. 
CARANX (Commerson) La Cépede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, 72, 1802 (carangus, etc.). 
GALLUS La Cépede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 583, 1803 (virescens = gallus ; name preoccupied 
in ornithology). 
CITULA Cuvier, Régne Animal, ii, 1817 (armata). 
BLEPHARIS Cuvier, Régne Animal, ii, 1817 (indicus = ciliaris; name used in botany). 
VomER Cuvier, Régne Animal, ii, 1817 (browni = setipinnis). 
OLIsTUS Cuvier, Regne Animal, ed. 2d, 1829 (atropus). 
Scyris Cuvier, Régne Animal, ed. 2d, 1829 (indica = gallus). 
GALLICHTHYS Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 168 (major=gallus ; name 
a substitute for Gallus). 
Hywnnis Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 195 (goreensis). 
PLATYSOMUS Swainson, Nat. Hist. Classn. Fish. ii, 1839, 250 (browni = setipinnis). 
SELAR Bleeker, Verhandl. Batav. Genootsch, xxiv, Makreele, 1851 (boops, etc.). 
CARANGOIDES Bleeker, l. ¢. ( plagiotenia). 
LEI10GLOssUS Bleeker, l. c. (Leioglossus carangoides). 
Uraspis Bleeker, l. ¢. (Uraspis carangoides). 
CARANX Bleeker, l. c. (carangus, etc.; earliest restriction). 
GNATHANODON Bleeker, 1. ce. (speciosus). 
LepraspPis Bleeker, l. c. (leptolepis). 
SELAROIDES Bleeker, U. c. (leptolepis). 
CARANGICHTHYS Bleeker, Bijdragen Ichthyol. Faun. Celebes, iii, 760, about 1852, 
(typus). 
CaRranx Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858, 168 (speciosus, etc.). 
CARANGUS Girard, l. ¢. Ce sy a oe hippos). 
HEMICARANX Bleeker, Versl. Kon. Ak. Wet., xiv, 134, 1862 (marginatus). 
ALECTIs (Rafinesque, Analyse de la Nature, 1815, nomen nudum?) Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. 
Sci. Phila., 1862, 239 (gallus, etc.). 
TRACHUROPS Gill, Pee Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 431 Komen tn 
PARATRACTUS Gill, 1. c. (pisquetus). 
CaRANGOPS Gill, l. ¢. (falcatus = amblyrhynchus). 
BLEPHARICHTHYS Gill, U. ¢. (erinitus; substitute for Blepharis). 
Type SCOMBER CARANGUS Bloch = SCOMBER HIPPOS L. 
We see no sufficient reason for setting aside the earliest restriction of 
the genus Caranx, and therefore, with Bleeker, consider Caranx hippos 
(carangus) as the type. The reasons which have led Professor Gill to 
regard Caranx speciosus as the type are given in full in the Proe. Ac. 
Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 433, to which the reader is referred. 
The species here associated in the genus Caranz differ widely in form, 
C. crumenophthalmus standing at one extreme, and C. setipinnis at the 
other. The gradation from one type to the other is unusually perfect, 
and we find it quite impossible to introduce any satisfactory lines of 
generic division. We may, however, recognize a number of subgenera 
of unequal, and for the most part of low, value, as follows: 
1, TRACHUROPS (crumenophthalmus). 
2 HEMICARANX (= Carangops Gill;) (amblyrhynchus ; atrimanus). 
3 URAsPIs (vinctus; leucurus; dentex; platessa; ruber). 
