10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxi. 



are unknowu. Of the four that are known, Charadra and Demas fall 

 in Grouj) IV, though with important differences; Harris imemna falls 

 in Group III rather than any other, though aberrant, and Panthea falls 

 doubtfully in Grouj) I. Charadra and Demas have not the pujDal char- 

 acters of Group IV ( Viniinia), and they doubtless represent a different 

 stem. These four Pseudo-Apatelid forms {Pantheinae) separate as 

 follows : 



True warts present, not degenerate : 



Secondary liairs present, sparse, bair pencils jiresent Panthea. 



No secondary liairs. 



Hairs stiff; jjcncils jjresent Demas. 



Hairs soft ; no pencils Charadra. 



Warts degenerate, single haired above VI Harrisimemna. 



The following table will separate the American species of Acronycta 

 whose larvae are known. The more important European species are also 

 included for comparison. Falcula, connecta, and lanceolaria I have not 

 seen, but have placed by the descriptions only, which, unfortunately, 

 are usually silent on the crucial points. Therefore these species may 

 not be correctly jilaced. In the special descriptions following, oidy 

 very few cases of full life histories are made out.' The larvae have 

 generally been found young and bred up, the first stage especially 

 usually wanting. Except in Group IV, I have assumed six stages, fol- 

 lowing Chajiman, and numbered those observed to correspond; but it 

 should be noted that there may be more, and tlie relations and char- 

 acters of Stage I need further study iu nearly all cases, even where a 

 stage is marked "I." From Dr. Chapman's remarks it appears that in 

 certain of the species the primitive first stage may have disappeared; 

 but our knowledge of the American species is too scanty to admit of 

 more than mentioning that this point is to be looked out for. 



The notes of Dr. C. V.Eiley have been used when 1 have had none of 

 my own, as well ijs some kindly communicated by Mrs. C. 11. Fernald. 

 Special acknowledgment is given in all cases to every author quoted. 

 The specimens preserved in the U. S. Kational Museum, and mostly 

 collected by Dr. Kiley, have been freely examined, serving as the basis 

 for several descriptions. 



Three descriptions of Apatela larvae are not referred to. They are 

 by Dr. Packard, in the Fifth IJeport U. S. Entomological Commissiou,- 

 undetermined. They seem to be immature or non-Apatelid forms, and 

 I can not guess what they may be. 



the thorax above shagreened; abdominal segments rather thickly punctured, except 

 in narrow i^osterior rims, which are smooth. No cremaster, but the last segment is 

 enlarged above, smooth and shining, with a series of sliort longitiuliaal grooves in 

 the depression preceding the enlargement; below the segment is less enlarged, not 

 shining, and bears several slender hooks in a transverse row on either side, directed 

 obliquely downward. Length, 9; width, 2.5 mm. 



Food plant, sour gum (Nyssa sylvatica). 



'Only morula, furcif era, grisea, and noclivaga. 



2 Pages 461, 498, and 897. 



