126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Cocoon. — Partly bored in soft wood and formed of silk and chips of 

 wood. 



Fupa. — Ked-brown, smootli, shining, abdominal segments tapering, 

 coarsely densely punctured on the anterior third, mostly in the poste- 

 rior half of the incisures; wing cases grooved and shagreened. Cre- 

 master low, rounded, sessile, not sculptured nor differentiated from the 

 pupa in color; two long spines on either side, scarcely curved, crossing 

 each other at the tips, smooth, blackish, the two pairs remote, probably 

 corresponding to the lower row. Length, 20 mm. 



Food plants. — Apple, mountain ash, wild cherry, cherry, plum. 



Group PERSUASA. 



The species referred to this group agree perfectly in the form of the 

 male genitalia, and differ shar[)ly from any species in any other group. 

 The clasper is broad, nearly Hat and corneous, but is not separated 

 from the side piece or harpe, being united by its superior edge to the 

 inferior edge of the membraneous structure. We get thus the appear- 

 ance of a pair of unusually wide harpes, abruptly narrowing near to 

 the tip, and inferiorly much more highly chitinized. From the upper 

 margin of the clasper there arises at the tip a stout, slightly curved, 

 beak-like process, and from the middle of the upper margin comes a 

 finger-like process which is usually longer, much more slender, and a 

 little curved or bent. 



Superficially the species are much alike and tend, in appearance, on 

 the one hand to superans in the lobeliae group, and to hamamelis in the 

 group of that name on the other. 



The primaries aretrigonate, widening quite evenly, the inner margin 

 not greatly shorter than the costa, and the outer quite evenly arcuate 

 to the rectangular tip. The maculation is suff'used and obscured by 

 the elevated scales, which leave no lines or dashes distinct, and the 

 only prominent bit of ornamentation in all the species is the white or 

 pale gray, round orbicular, in which there is always a smoky central dot. 



Afflicta is recognizable by being very dark smoky or black, with all 

 the markings broken up and only vaguely traceable. Tlie white 

 orbicular is the only distinct feature in the primaries, which are nar- 

 rower than in any other species. 



Fersuasa is larger and broader- winged, of a dark ash gray, mottled 

 with black shades. These shadings are really the diffuse ordinary 

 streaks, and an oblique shading from the costa between the ordinary 

 sjjots. The secondaries are white, with soiled veins and outer margin 

 in the male, a little smoky in the female. 



Liturata resembles perHuasa quite closely, but it is of a clearer gray, 

 with the darker suffusions more even, and a strigate character to the 

 shadings. The secondaries are white in both sexes, those of the female 

 sometimes soiled on the veins. 



