FOSSIL CVC.ilfS FHOM Til/C IIL.ICK HILLS— iVAHl). 209 



ical piotubeniiice the ;ii)e.\ of which is IbriiKMl in part of the more 

 interior strands; rainentacoous interstices nsnally tliick, o to 15 mm., 

 hard, rougliened. wrinkled, or grooved, often highest next to the scars, 

 sometimes thinner with only a median line; rc^productive organs gen- 

 erally abundant on the body of the trunk and larger branches, large, 

 7 cm. long in a (urcumferential direction, 5 cm. high, conspicuous, either 

 projecting or cavitous and crater-shaped from tiie decay of the essen- 

 tial organs, surrounded by concentric rows of lai'ge bract scars, some- 

 times more rare and smaller; armor 1 to 7 cm. thick, but dillicult to 

 observe except on the branches whore it has little sigidlicance, cortical 

 parenchyma .'J to 4 cm., librous zone 13 to 4 cm. with two rings; medulla 

 sometimes seen at the comi)ound base, VI cm. in dianu'ter, often deca^'iMl 

 leaving a large cavity, its surface ex [)osed in one specimen showing the 

 scars of the meijullary rays in the form of elongated ridges increasing 

 in thickness xipward and terminating in a shai'i) point. 



This magnilicent s[»ecies was lirst clearly made known to njc in the 

 Yale collection, where it is represented by four, and probably six, s[)eci- 

 inens. These are Nos. 4, 11, .'{3, 44, 47, an<l 70. The doubtful ones are 

 Nos. 33 and 71). These are single branches of nuich larger trunks and 

 their characters are somewhat aberrant. Of the other five there is no 

 doubt, as they agree in all their characters. No. 11 is taken as the 

 type. It is larger than any of the rest and the next laigest specimen 

 in the Yale collection, weighing 221.35 kg., and therefore holding the 

 third rank in this res[)ect among tlu^ cyi^ads of the world. It has the 

 form of a huge animal, has In e prinniry branches, and, when placed in 

 the position in which it probably grew, four of these, with the mass to 

 which they are attached, constitute a sort of fore part, with head, 

 thorax, and fore limbs, while the other represents the hinder part and 

 is aligned in the ()[)[)osite direction. lietween these i)arts is a con- 

 striction dividing the two systems. It is very complete, so much so 

 that it has furnished few of the internal characters. 



Xos. 4 and 47 are also large trunks, weighing respectively 52.(12 ami 

 34.03 kg., and the other fragments supplement the more perfect speci- 

 mens, so as to make a pretty full description of the species possible. 



I have named tin; species in honor of Prof. OthnieK^Jnirles Marsh, to 

 whose energy and munilicence this great collection is wholly due. 



When engaged in examining and describing these specimens in the 

 Yale collection 1 supposed that none existed in the United States 

 National Museum, but on revising all my previous descriptions in the 

 light of the new material I discovered that l was mistaken and that 

 specimen No. 15 belongs to this species. I had referred it with doubt to 

 C. colofisdiisj and under that head had made the following remark : "The 

 only other specimen in the collection of the United States National 

 Museum that 1 can refer to this species is the fragment No. 15, col- 

 lected by myself in 1803 on the same spot where the others.were found. 

 This IS a very irregular block or segment, broken from near the top of 

 Troc. N. M. vol. xxi 14 



