g6 SILURIAN. 



Orthoceras angulatum, etc. A few Corals occur, as Cyathophyllutri, 

 Helioliies, Petraia, etc. 



In describing the Woolhope area, the Rev. W. S. Symonds 

 observes that the term " valley of elevation " does not convey an 

 adequate idea of its interesting geological structure. The central 

 dome of Haughwood is occupied by the May Hill rocks ; around 

 these rocks, the Woolhope Limestone forms a circle dipping away 

 on all sides beneath the Wenlock Shale and Limestone, and these 

 again disappear beneath the Ludlow rocks and Old Red Sandstone. 

 (See Fig. 13.) The Woolhope Limestone is quarried at Scutterdine, 

 near Mordiford, Woolhope, Westington, and Rudge End.^ 



The Woolhope Limestone at Malvern is a rough, impure limestone, 

 with occasional beds of sandstone intercalated, having altogether a 

 thickness of about 150 feet. It may be studied north of Crumpend 

 Hill, at Ballard's quarry, near the Wych, and in the valley of 

 Netherton, near Eastnor. (See Fig. 14.) Around May Hill the 

 beds are thin. (See Fig. 12.) At Littlehope the limestone is 

 extensively burnt for lime. 



In Radnorshire the Woolhope Limestone is well developed at 

 Nash Scar near Presteign, where it has been extensively quarried. 



Woolhope Limestone, known as the Barr or Hay Head Limestone, 

 is exposed at the surface at Hay Head near Great Barr, east of 

 Walsall. There large specimens of IUcehus Barriaisis (the " Barr 

 Trilobite") have been found. 



WENLOCK SHALE. 



This formation consists of shales, with flags and sandstones, and 

 was termed the Wenlock Shale by Murchison. 



It is the thickest and most persistent member of the Wenlock 

 Series, and occurs above the Woolhope Limestone. The latter 

 being absent in many tracts, it is not then easy to separate the 

 Woolhope shaly beds from the Wenlock Shale. The Wenlock 

 Shale is well exposed near Coalbrook Dale and the Iron Bridge, 

 and may thence be followed all along the escarpment of Wenlock 

 Edge. It was formerly known as the Dudley Shale. 



The Wenlock Shale contains Graptolites, Monograptus priodon, 

 etc., several species of Orthis, Leptccna, and Rhyttchonella, Spirifera 

 plicaiella, Oboliis Davidsoni, also Euomphahis, Billerophofi Weti/ockejisis, 

 Ceratiocaris, Theca anccps, Orthoceras, Encrinurus punclatus, Calymene, 

 Spharexochus, and Phacops longicaiidatus. Crinoids also are not un- 

 common. 



Mr. G. R. Vine has described many Tubicolar Annelides from the 

 Wenlock Shales and Limestone. They belong to the genera 

 Corriulites, Conchicolitcs, Ortoiiia, Spirorbis, Tentaciilites, etc. Many 

 species of Polyzoa have also been obtained, including the genera 



^ Records of the Rocks, p. 166; see also Murchison, Siluria, edit. 5, p. 107. 



