294 JURASSIC 



neighbourhood while the road-cutting was being made, obtained! 

 from it as well as from the cliffs, Ammonites Maiihisii, A. Parkin- 

 soni, A. Hu7np}iriesianus, A. siihradiaiiis, A. fiiscus, A. dimorphus, 

 A. polymorpluis, A. Gerz'illn, A. Garantianus, A. concavus, a variety- 

 like A. Aalcnsis, A. MurchisoncB, A. Sozverbyi, and^. co?jfusus} 



Near Banbury, according to Mr. E. A. Walford, the Inferior 

 Oolite is represented by 12 to 20 feet of sands with occasional 

 bands of stone, containing numerous plant-remains : these rest 

 on the Upper Lias Clay. In the railway-cutting half a mile south 

 of Hook Norton a good section of the Inferior Oolite has been 

 exposed : it consists of flaggy and sandy limestones about 30 feet 

 thick, and rests on Upper Lias Clay: here the zone o{ A7ii?no?iites 

 Hiimphriesianiis has been identified. At Chipping Norton the 

 upper beds of the Oolite (about 30 feet) consist of freestone 

 and siliceous limestone, termed by Mr. Hudleston the Chipping 

 Norton Limestone. These may perhaps represent the Fuller's 

 Earth of the south. They rest on marly and sandy limestones 

 with Ammonites Parkijisoni, and Trigonia signata (in the upper 

 part), while rubbly oolitic limestones with Clypeits Plotii come 

 below.^ At Chipping Norton, as Mr. Hudleston has remarked, 

 we have the conventional namesake of the Northampton Sand,, 

 superposed on the Clypms-gxii, or Parkinsoni zoneP (See sequel.) 

 The Inferior Oolite extends by Charlbury to Fawler, near Stones- 

 field, where its thickness is from 5 to 10 feet. It contains ^w7;w;//Aj 

 Parkinso?ii, etc* 



Econoinic products, etc. 



The stone is extensively quarried for building-purposes, for road-metal, and for 

 lime-burning. Where the Great Oolite is developed and the Inferior Oolite is the 

 poorer stone, it has been termed Bastard Freestone. 



The Cheltenham Freestone ^ is largely quarried in many places along the Cottes- 

 wold Hills. The Lower or Building Freestone yields the principal building-stone 

 quarried at Bourton, Broadway, Guiting, Stanley Hill, Cleeve Cloud, Dowdeswell, 

 Leckhampton Hill, Painswick Hill, Birdlip, Uley Bury, Nailsvvorth, etc. The 

 stone when first renioved can usually be cut by the saw ; it hardens upon exposure. 

 The freestone is oolitic, and largely composed of comminuted shells. The Upper 

 Freestone is oolitic, and has been worked at Stinchcombe, Wotton-under-Edge, 

 and other places in the Cotteswold Hills. 



Further south the Inferior Oolite is quarried at Dundry, Radstock, Frome, etc. 

 One of the best examples of stone is obtained from Doulting, east of Shepton 

 Mallet. The rock is a white and brown sandy and sparry stone, slightly oolitic in 

 places, and with few fossils. Wells Cathedral and Glastonbury Abbey were largely 

 constructed of Doulting Stone. The so-called Druidical remains, known as the 



1 See P. Geol. Assoc, ix. 204. 



"^ Walford, Q. J. xxxix. 224, xli. 38. 



^ P. Geol. Assoc, v. 382. Churchill, near Chipping Norton, was the birth- 

 place of William Smith. 



^ A. H. Green, Geol. Banbury, p. II. 



^ The term Freestone is generally applied to a rock which can be cut into blocks 

 in any direction : but is not always applied to a limestone. 



