ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS. 515 



Many Paloeolithic Implements have been obtained from old valley gravels in 

 west Norfolk and Suffolk, near Thetford. In the former county the principal 

 localities are along the valley of the Little Ouse, at Redhill, near Tlietford, 

 Whitehill a little lower down the valley, Broomhill in the parish of Weeting, and 

 Shrub Hill in that of Feltwell. In Suffolk implements have been found at Gravel 

 Hill, near Brandon, Santon Downham, Lakenheath, and Warren Hill, near Milden- 

 hall ; in the Lark Valley at Icklingham and Culford, near Bury St. Edmunds, 

 and also at Hoxne, near Diss. The beds are so rich in places near Thetford and 

 Brandon, that Mr. J. W. Flower stated he sometimes obtained as many as a 

 hundred Implements at a time, when no doubt the gravels were specially worked.^ 



At Westley, near Bury St. Edmunds, Mr. H. Prigg obtained a fragment of a 

 human skull, from brickearth which has yielded Paljeolithic Implements and 

 remains of the Mammoth.^ 



In 1876, Mr. S. B. J. Skertchly announced his discovery of Flint-implements 

 beneath Boulder Clay in East Anglia. ^ He pointed out the occurrence of 

 certain beds of brickearth, sand and gravel (Brandon Beds), that are overlaid by 

 patches of Boulder Clay, and sometimes underlaid by it, in the latter case generally 

 in the form of intruded tongues. These beds, he states, have yielded Paleolithic 

 Implements or Flakes at Botany Bay near Brandon, Mildenhall Brickyard, High 

 Lodge, Mildenhall, Bury St. Edmunds, West Stow, and Culford. Unfortunately 

 the evidence upon which Mr. Skertchly based his conclusions has not been 

 published in detail ; it has been seriously questioned,* and no one else has been 

 fortunate enough to find unquestionable Paleolithic implements in situ beneatli a 

 clear and definite accumulation of the Boulder Clay. The brickearth at Mildenhall 

 Brickyard was at one time clearly overlaid by a small mass of Boulder Clay, which 

 has been worked away in the digging of the brickearth ; but Mr. Prigg informs 

 me that he has obtained no Palaeolithic Implements from the beds at this 

 brickyard. 



At Hoxne small pockets of Boulder Clay have been observed resting on the 

 brickearth,* but the main mass of Boulder Clay underlies it. The section in 1878 

 was as follows : — 



Gravel and sand 3 feet. 



Brown loam passing down into blue sandy clay, with a seam of 

 gravel that merged in the eastern part of the pit into the 

 overlying gravel. In this seam of gravel Mr. C. Reid 

 found a Paleolithic Implement 6 feet. 



Chalky Boulder Clay. 



The occurrence of Flint Implements at Hoxne was recorded as early as 1797 by 

 John Frere, but it was not until i860 that attention was recalled to the subject.^ In 

 the present state of the evidence it is not safe to say that any Paleolithic Imple- 

 ments have been obtained in East Anglia from beds older than the main mass of 

 the Chalky Boulder Clay, or from that Clay itself. 



At Norwich there is a considerable accumulation of valley-gravel near the 

 Great Eastern Railway Station at Thorpe, but this has yielded no Paleolithic 

 implements and no remains of the Mammalia usually found in association with 



1 Q. J. XXV. 449. 



^ Journ. Anthrop. Inst. xiv. 51. 



^ G. Mag. 1S76, p. 476 ; see also Manufacture of Gun-flints (Geol. Survey), 

 p. 65 ; Geol. Ramble around Brandon, by M. Knights, Eastern Daily Press, Oct. 

 1876 (reprinted) ; and Prof J. Geikie's Great Ice Age, ed. 2, p. 565. 



* P. Geol. Assoc, ix. ill ; H. Prigg, Proc. Norwich Geol. Soc. i. 165 ; Hughes, 

 Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc. iii. 16, and Journ Anthrop. Inst. vii. 162. 



^ Proc. Norwich Geol. Soc, i. 62; Geol. Norwich (Geol. Surv. ), p. no; 

 T. Belt, Quart. Journ. Science, 1876; see also S. V. Wood, jun., Q. J. xxxvi. 

 499 ; xxxviii. 669, 672. 



^ Archeologia, xiii. ; J. Evans, Ibid, xxxviii. ; Prestwich, Phil. Trans, i860; 

 see also Trans. Norfolk Nat. Soc. ii. 581. 



