544 



PLEISTOCENE AND RECENT. 



opinion the contents of the cavern must have been disturbed by marine action 

 during the great submergence in mid-Glacial times, and afterwards covered by- 

 marine sands and by an upper Boulder Clay, identical in character with that found 

 at many points in the Vale of Clwyd.^ The palKontological evidence suggests 

 that the deposits in question are not Pre-Glacial, but may be equivalent to the 

 later Pleistocene deposits of our river- valleys." (See p. 481.) 



Coygan Cave, near Laugharne, Caermarthen, explored by Dr. Hicks,^ and 

 Hoyle's Mouth, or Oyle Cave, near Tenby, explored by Mr. W. A. Sanford and 

 the Rev. H. H. Winwood, have yielded some Mammalian remains. In the 

 former there were found bones of Mammoth, Rhinoceros, Hyrena, Cave Lion, etc.* 



A Hya;na-den has been found at Great Doward, Whitchurch, near Ross.^_^It is 

 called King Arthur's Cave. 



Fig. 93.— Section of the Coygan Cave, near Laugharne, 

 Caermarthenshire. (Dr. H. Hicks.) 





E. Entrance. ■ 

 S. Stalagmite. 

 C. Red earthy soil, with bones of jMammoth and Rhinoceros, and Flint Flakes. 



The promontory of Gower, in Glamorganshire, composed largely of Carboniferous 

 Limestone, contains many ossiferous caves and fissures. These were explored 

 during the years 185S-61 by Dr. Hugh Falconer and Lieut.-Col. E. R. Wood.*^ 

 Among the spots examined were Raven's Cliff, Bosco's Den, Long Hole, etc., 

 and the Mammalian remains included Ursiis speLriis, Hya:na spehra, Rhinoceros 

 tickorhiims, ElcpJias auiiqiats, E. primigenhis, and Cc>-viis tarandus. In Bosco's Den 

 about 750 shed-antlers of the Reindeer were met with. Paviland is also a noted 

 locality in this district : here arc two large caves, accessible at low-water, or by 

 dangerous climbing. Goat's Hole was explored by Dr. Buckland in 1823, and 

 here, according to Prof. Dawkins, evidence of human interment in Pleistocene 

 deposits has been obtained. The Crawley Rocks in Oxwich Bay formerly con- 

 tained a bone-cavern, which in the process of quarrying the Limestone was entirely 

 obliterated. 



Longberry Bank Cave, near Penally, in Pembrokeshire, explored in 1S66 by the 

 Rev. H. H. Winwood, furnished evidence of its occupation in later Prehistoric 



1 Rep. Brit. Assoc, for 1886 ; G. Mag. 1886, p. 566 ; see also Trimmer, Brit. 

 Assoc, for 1838, Sections, p. 86 ; A. Strahan, Geol. Rhyl, etc. (Geol. Surv.), p. 33. 



2 See also Hughes, G. Mag. 1SS6, p. 4S9, Q. J. xliii. 

 ^ P. Geol. Assoc, ix. 7. 



* G. Mag. 1865, p. 471, 1867, p. 307 ; see also Geologist, v. 115, vi. 47; and 

 E. L. Jones, Q. J. xxxviii. 2S2. 



5 Rev. W. S. Symonds, G. Mag. 1871, p. 433. 



6 Q. J. xvi. 487. 



