428 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 97 
one of the characters assigned by Ridgway to crissalis ... The 
character of the relative amount of freckling on the wing coverts is 
reversed in our specimens, so it is apparently worthless . . .”” They 
write that there is no authentic record of the species south of the 
Amazonian drainage, but Pinto (Rev. Mus. Paulista, vol. 22, 1937, p. 
292) records it from the Rio Guaporé, northern Matto Grosso. In the 
north, Hellmayr (Abh. Konigl. Bay. Akad. Wiss., math.-phys. K1., 
vol. 26, No. 2, 1912, pp. 61-62) writes that typical violaceus occurs in 
eastern Venezuela (Caura and Orinoco region). The present examples 
from San Antonio and Cerro Yapacana are indications that ramonianus 
and not violaceus is the form of the upper Orinoco at least. The sub- 
species appears to have been unrecorded previously from Venezuela. 
Family ALCEDINIDAE: Kingfishers 
MEGACERYLE TORQUATA TORQUATA (Linnaeus): Great-ringed Kingfisher 
Alcedo torquata LinnarEus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, 1766, p. 180 (Mexico). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
1 ad. 9, Venezuela, Brazo Casiquiare, near Cafio Perro de Agua, February 18, 
1931. 
lad. 9, Venezuela, Brazo Casiquiare, near Cafio Pamoni, February 19, 1931. 
The earlier of these two specimens shows signs of molt in the wings. 
This large kingfisher ranges over a tremendous area from northern 
Mexico to Argentina. 
CHLOROCERYLE AMAZONA AMAZONA (Latham): Amazon Kingfisher 
Alcedo amazona Latuam, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 257 (Cayenne). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lim. 9, Brazil, Rio Cauabury, below mouth of Rio Maturac4é, November 7, 
1930. 
1 ad. 9, Venezuela, Brazo Casiquiare, near Cafio Mabinagui, February 20, 
1931. 
lad. o, Venezuela, Upper Orinoco, near Cerro Cariche, February 24, 1931. 
lad. ?, Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho, Rio Orinoco, May 19, 1931. 
These specimens all have the white mark in front of the eye well 
developed. In the one male the wing measures 122 mm., and in three 
females it is 127, 132, and 132 mm., respectively. 
CHLOROCERYLE AMERICANA AMERICANA (Gmelin): Green Kingfisher 
Alcedo americana Gm=ELin, Systema naturae, vol. I, 1788, p. 451 (Cayenne). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lad. #, lad. 9, Venezuela, Upper Orinoco, near Isla Temblador, February 25, 
1931. 
1 ad. o&, Venezuela, San Antonio, Upper Orinoco, March 1, 1931. 
Like the other kingfishers, the present species occurs throughout the 
countries traversed by the expedition. 
