438 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 
The Brazo Casiquiare bird is a typical cuvierz; it shows no approach 
to tucanus, thereby agreeing with what Todd found for Duida birds 
and differing from the observations of Griscom and Greenway on 
south Venezuelan specimens. 
Two examples collected at Playa de Candela, Brazo Casiquiare, 
February 8, 1931, were preserved in alcohol. 
RAMPHASTOS VITELLINUS CULMINATUS Gould: Culminated Toucan 
Ramphastos culminatus Gou.p, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1833, p. 70 (Mexico= 
Rio Solim6es, Brazil, Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 101). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
1 ad. o, Brazil, Salto do Hud, Rio Maturacd, November 18, 1930. 
lad. o&, lim. 0, 1 ad. 9, Brazil, SAo Gabriel, Rio Negro, January 14, 1931. 
The January birds were all in molt when collected. 
The color of the lower throat is so variable in these four birds that 
it makes one wonder as to its reliability as a taxonomic character in 
other forms of the group. The adult male from Sao Gabriel has the 
lower throat pure white; the female from there has a small area of 
lemon yellow there; the immature male from the same locality has a 
much more extensive area colored lemon yellow; while the Salto do 
Hu4 bird has this area strongly suffused with cadmium yellow on a 
lemon-yellow background. It also has the red pectoral band broader 
than in any of the others and fits the description of Ramphastos 
osculansGould. Todd, the most recent author to have investigated the 
status of osculans (Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 56, 19438, p. 160) 
considers the name to be based on hybrids between R. culminatus and 
R. vitellinus. However, inasmuch as both of the latter are considered 
here, as by other writers, to be conspecific, this ‘‘hybrid’”’ character 
may eventually prove to be racial, and to occupy a range between the 
other two races. 
PTEROGLOSSUS FLAVIROSTRIS FLAVIROSTRIS Fraser: Yellow-billed Aracari 
Pteroglossus flavirostris Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1840, p. 61 (“Rio 
Janeiro’’). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
2 ad. &, 2 ad. 9, Brazil, Sio Gabriel, Rio Negro, January 5-12, 1931. 
3 ad. o&, 6 ad. 9, Venezuela, Cerro Yapacana, Upper Orinoco, March 20- 
April 19, 1931. 
Several of the specimens from both localities were noted as being 
in breeding condition when collected. 
On the average the Venezuelan birds have longer bills than do the 
Rio Negro examples, although in their other dimensions they are 
alike. Thus, the two Brazilian females have bills of 72 and 76.2 mm., 
while the six Venezuelan ones have bills of 75.2, 81, 82, 86.1, 86.2, and 
87.3 mm., respectively. In the males the difference is less marked, 
