494 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 
6 ad. #, lim. &, Brazil, Santa Isabel, Rio Negro, Amazonas, October 15-17, 
1930. 
1 im. &, Brazil, Rio Negro, mouth of Rio Cauabury, Amazonas, October 22, 
1930. ; 
2 ad. o&, Brazil, Cachoeira Thomaz, Rio Cauabury, Amazonas, October 27, 
1930. 
lim. 9, Brazil, Serro Imeri, Rio Maturacd, Venezuelan border, near Salto do 
Hud, Venezuelan border, November 29, 1930. 
5 ad. o', 4im. o&, 6 ad. 9, Brazil, SAo Gabriel, Rio Negro, Amazonas, Decem- 
ber 31, 1930—January 17, 1931. 
1 ad. 9, Venezuela, Colombian bank of Rio Negro, opposite San Carlos, 
January 29, 1931. 
2 ad. o@, Chapazon, Brazo Casiquiare, January 30, 1931. 
lad. o&, 1im. &, Venezuela, Raudal, San Sebastidin, Brazo Casiquiare, Febru- 
ary 1, 1931. 
lad. 2, Venezuela, Upper Orinoco, near Isla Temblador, February 25, 1931. 
2 ad. o&, lad. 9, Venezuela, Upper Orinoco, San Antonio, March 4-5, 1981. 
8 ad. o&, 2 im. &, 8 ad. 9, 1 im. 9, Venezuela, Cerro Yapacana, Upper 
Orinoco, March 30-—April 25, 1931. 
This fine series, together with a good number of specimens from 
the Guianas, the Lower Amazon, and Trinidad, bears out Hellmayr’s 
contention (Catalogue of the birds of the Americas, pt. 6, 1929, p. 29, 
footnote) that further subdivision of this race appears to be imprac- 
ticable. As a matter of fact, the race berlepschi, while recognizable, 
is not very trenchantly differentiated from the nominate form. Yet, 
on the other hand, there are some puzzling variations within the race. 
Thus, an adult male from Santa Lucia, Miranda, northern Venezuela, 
has a wing length of 63 mm.; an immature male from the same place 
65 mm. All the other males examined, including the above listed 
birds, and others from other parts of the range have wing lengths of 
from 52-58 mm.; with an average of 55.1 mm. This is quite a strik- 
ing difference. Another peculiar variational character is the color of 
the maxilla in adult males, this usually being light yellowish in dried 
skins, but in a number of instances from various parts of the range 
it is dusky brown. This is also true of immature males. 
In addition to the skins listed above five birds were saved in alcohol, 
two from Sao Gabriel, January 10, 1931, and three from Chapazon 
Brazo Casiquiare, January 30, 1931. 
PIPRA PIPRA PIPRA (Linnaeus): White-crowned Black Manakin 
Parus pipra LInNAEvs, Systema naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 190 (Surinam). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
1 im. —, Brazil, Santa Isabel, Rio Negro, Amazonas, October 9, 1930. 
lad. 9, Brazil, Rio Cauabury, above Cachoeira Manajé, Amazonas, October 
31, 1930. “ 
lad. o, Brazil, Rio Maturacé, Amazonas, November 12, 1930. 
2 ad. o', 1 ad. 2, Brazil, Salto do Hud, Rio Maturacdé, Brazil-Venezuela line, 
November 13-24, 1930. 
