BIRDS FROM BRAZIL AND SOUTHERN VENEZUELA—FRIEDMANN 497 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
6 ad. of’, Zim. op, lim. 2, Venezuela, Cerro Yapacana, Upper Orinoco, March 
25—April 20, 1931. 
This is the original series on which the description of this form was 
based. The Orinoco race differs from the Rio Negro form in being 
noticeably darker on the lower breast, abdomen, sides, flanks, thighs, 
and under tail coverts, and in having the white nuchal collar consid- 
erably suffused with grayish. 
SCHIFFORNIS MAJOR DUIDAE Zimmer: Duida Manakin 
Schiffornis major duidae Zimmer, Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 889, 1936, p. 26 (right 
bank of Rfo Casiquiare, Venezuela, opposite El Merey). 
SPECIMEN COLLECTED 
lad. o, Venezuela, Brazo Casiquiare, Playa de Candela, February 8, 1931. 
This specimen, which represents a small westward extension of the 
known range of this manakin, agrees with the description of the race 
in having the gray of the upper surface of the head with no definite 
rufescence on the concealed portions of the feathers and in having the 
upper back less rufescent, more brownish, than specimens of the nomi- 
nate form (in this case the available material was from Hyutanahan, 
Rio Purts, Brazil). It has a visibly weaker bill as well, a character 
not mentioned by Zimmer, but possibly one that a larger series would 
show to be inconstant. The specimen has the chin and upper throat 
quite grayish, agreeing in this respect with Zimmer’s observations on 
birds from Mount Duida and its immediate environs. The dimen- 
sions of this example are wing 82, tail 56, culmen from the base 14.2 
mm. This is slightly larger than Zimmer’s figures for the type as far 
as wing length is concerned (type 80 mm.) and shorter in the culmen 
length (type 16 mm.). 
SCHIFFORNIS TURDINUS AMAZONUS (Sclater): Amazonian Manakin 
Heteropelma amazonum ScuatErR, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 466 (Chami- 
curos, Rio Huallaga, Peru). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
1 im. -, Brazil, Salto do Hud, Rio Maturacd, Brazil-Venezuela line, November 
23, 1930. 
1 ad. o&, Venezuela, Chapazon, Brazo Casiquiare, January 31, 1931. 
1 ad. o, Venezuela, Upper Orinoco, right bank opposite Corocoro Island, 
March 16, 1931. 
5 ad. co’, 1 ad. 9, Venezuela, Cerro Yapacana, Upper Orinoco, March 19- 
April 21, 1931. 
No topotypical material has been available, but inasmuch as both 
Hellmayr (Catalogue of the birds of the Americas, pt. 6, 1929, p. 81) 
and, more recently Zimmer (Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 899, 1936, p. 24) 
list specimens from this area as agreeing with eastern Peruvian birds, 
there can be no doubt that they belong to this race. The develop- 
