BIRDS FROM BRAZIL AND SOUTHERN VENEZUELA—FRIEDMANN 501 
MUSCIVORA TYRANNUS MONACHUS (Hartlaub): Hartlaub’s Fork-tailed Flycatcher 
Tyrannus (Milvulus) monachus HartTLavs, Rev. Zool., vol. 7, 1844, p. 214 (Guate- 
mala). 
SPECIMEN COLLECTED 
lim. 9, Venezuela, Tamatama, Upper Orinoco, February 23, 1931. 
This immature specimen is placed in this race because of the paler 
dorsal coloration it shows when compared with birds in a similar stage 
from the far south. Whether this race is resident or migrant in this 
region is still to be determined. 
TYRANNUS MELANCHOLICUS MELANCHOLICUS Vieillot: Azara’s Kingbird 
Tyrannus melancholicus Vie1tuotT, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., nouv. éd., vol. 35, 
1819, p. 48 (based on Azara, No. 198: Paraguay). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lad. 2, Brazil, Mandos, Amazonas, September 27, 1930. 
2 ad. co’, lad. 9, Brazil, Santa Isabel, Rio Negro, October 9-10, 1930. 
1 ad. 2, Brazil, Cucuhy, Rio Negro, February 1, 1930. 
lad. o', Venezuela, Brazo Casiquiare, near Cafio Perro de Agua, February 18, 
1931. 
lad. o’, Venezuela, Tamatama, Upper Orinoco, February 23, 1931. 
lim. o', Venezuela, San Antonio, Upper Orinoco, February 28, 1931. 
1 ad. o, Venezuela, Upper Orinoco, right bank opposite Corocoro Island, 
March 15, 1931. 
3 ad. o’, Venezuela, Cerro Yapacana, Upper Orinoco, March 22—April 16, 1931. 
2ad. o, 2ad. 9, lad.-—, Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho, Rio Orinoco, May 12-20, 
1931. 
In identifying these specimens to the typical race, I am following 
the observations and conclusions reached by Zimmer (Amer. Mus. 
Nov., No. 962, 1937, 14-21) on the basis of an enormous series of some 
750 specimens, rather than Hellmayr (Catalogue of the birds of the 
Americas, pt. 5, 1927, pp. 106-107). Hellmayr’s arrangement would 
lead us to call the present examples 7. m. despotes. Zimmer truly says 
that the taxonomy of this species is still not very clear. Thus, the 
present birds have the pectoral area as in despotes in some individuals, 
and more grayish, as in the nominate form, in others. A male from 
Santa Isabel is the largest and darkest bird of the whole series, dif- 
ferent enough to make one wonder if further “splitting” of the form 
may not some day be found advisable. 
TYRANNUS MELANCHOLICUS CHLORONOTUS Berlepsch: Berlepsch’s Kingbird 
Tyrannus chloronotus BERLEPScH, Ornis, vol. 14, 1907, p. 479 (Temax, Yucatan), 
SPECIMEN COLLECTED 
1 ad. o’, Venezuela, Ciudad Bolivar, November 25, 1929. 
This specimen agrees with chloronotus in the pallor of the crown and 
anterior throat but is otherwise not very different from the nominate 
race, the pectoral coloration agreeing with several of the specimens of 
LT. m. melancholicus recorded in this report. It may be noted in 
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