BIRDS FROM BRAZIL AND SOUTHERN VENEZUELA—FRIEDMANN 505 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
3 ad. 9,2im. co, Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho, Rfo Orinoco, January 4, 19380, 
and May 8-19, 1931. 
lad. o&, Venezuela, Soledad, Anzodtegui, December 4, 1929. 
The birds from Puerto Ayacucho have the rufous margins of the 
remiges and their upper outer coverts slightly narrower than does the 
example from Soledad but are definitely nearer to rufipennis than to 
the nominate subspecies which occurs to the south in the valley of the 
Rio Negro. This is in keeping with Zimmer’s observation (Amer. 
Mus. Nov., No. 963, 1937, p. 25) that “two specimens from Ayacucho 
(Rio Orinoco), Venezuela, are far from typical rufipennis although 
they appear to represent the extreme of variation in that form in the 
direction of sulphuratus.”’ 
PITANGUS SULPHURATUS SULPHURATUS (Linnaeus): Bemtevi 
Lanius sulphuratus LinNaEvs, Systema naturae, ed. 12, vol. 1, 1766, p. 137 (based 
on Brisson, Ornithologia . . ., vol. 2, 1760, p. 176, pl. 16: Cayenne). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
1 ad. o’, Brazil, Mandos, September 29, 1930. 
1 ad. o’, Brazil, Santa Isabel, Rio Negro, October 10, 1930. 
lad. o&, Brazil, Sdo Gabriel, Rio Negro, January 16, 1931. 
This form has much narrower rufescent edges on the remiges and 
their outer upper coverts and is also darker on the back than the 
preceding race. 
MYIARCHUS TYRANNULUS TYRANNULUS (Miiller): Guianan Crested Flycatcher 
Muscicapa tyrannulus MUuuErR, Natursystem, Suppl., 1776, p. 169 (based on 
Daubenton, Planches enluminées . . ., pl. 571, fig. 1: Cayenne). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lim. 9, Venezuela, San Antonio, Upper Orinoco, March 4, 19381. 
2 ad. o, 2 ad. 9, 1im. o, Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho, Rio Orinoco, May 
11-16, 1931. 
lad. o&, Venezuela, Soledad, Anzodtegui, November 29, 1929. 
1 ad. o&, Venezuela, Laguna Icacal, Estado Bolivar, December 8, 1929. 
The November and December birds are in fresh plumage; the 
March and May ones are much abraded. 
Zimmer (Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 994, 1938, pp. 1-3) has concluded 
that chlorepiscius is not separable from the nominate race in spite of 
local variations. This is borne out by the material examined in the 
present study. 
MYIARCHUS SWAINSONI SWAINSONI Cabanis and Heine: Sordid Flycatcher 
Myiarchus swainsoni CABANIS and Heine, Museum Heineanum, vol. 2, 1859, 
p. 79 (Brazil). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lad. o, lim. o&, Venezuela, Bolivar, June 8-10, 1931. 
