BIRDS FROM BRAZIL AND SOUTHERN VENEZUELA—FRIEDMANN 513 
known range and bring the species into close geographical contact with 
T. guttatum. On the basis of the great gap between the previous known 
records of the two, Hellmayr (Catalogue of the birds of the Americas, 
pt. 5, 1927, p. 295) suggested that they might be conspecific. If the 
two are found to occur together on the Rio Negro as seems not unlikely, 
guttatum being recorded from Barcellos and pictum from Santa Isabel 
and Sao Gabriel, about 175 miles and 300 miles, respectively, to the 
west of Barcellos (pictum being the more eastern bird), it will be 
advisable to keep them as specific entities. 
Hellmayr gives measurements of Guiana birds as follows: Wing 
(male) 41-42, (female) 39; tail 29-32; bill 13-15 mm. The present 
birds measure: Wing 39-40; tail 31-32; bill 14-15 mm. The immature 
bird is exactly like the adult except that it has a slight mixture of 
greenish gray on the black of the occiput. 
TODIROSTRUM CINEREUM CINEREUM (Linnaeus): Gray-backed Tody Tyrant 
Todus cinereus LINNAEUS, Systema naturae, ed. 12, vol. 1, 1766, p. 178 (based on 
“The Grey and Yellow Flycatcher” Edwards, Gleanings of natural history, 
vol. 2, p. 110, pl. 262: Surinam). 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lim. @, lad. 9,1im. 9, Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho, Rio Orinoco, May 11-— 
15, 1931. 
2 ad. co’, Venezuela, Ciudad Bolivar, June 10, 1931. 
3 im. o', 1 ad. 9, Venezuela, Soledad, Anzodtegui, June 11-12, 1931, and 
December 10, 1929. 
The more southern birds (Puerto Ayacucho) have slightly larger 
bills than do the more northern examples, but the difference is not 
enough to be significant. Females have less dusky on the lower mandi- 
bles than the males but are otherwise similar to them. According to 
Gilliard (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 77, 1941, p. 488) typical 
cinereum occurs on Mount Auydn-tepui as well as farther south to 
Rio Branco, Amazonas, Brazil. As far as I have been able to learn 
it has not been recorded as yet from northern Brazil west of the Rio 
Branco, that is, from the Rio Negro. 
Two of the Soledad males were said to have had active gonads, in 
spite of their being labeled as immature. 
An additional Puerto Ayacucho bird, taken January 6, 1930, was 
preserved in alcohol. 
TODIROSTRUM MACULATUM ANNECTENS Zimmer: Rio Negro Tody Tyrant 
Todirostrum maculatum annectens ZIMMER, Amer. Mus. Novy., No. 1066, 1940, 
p. 6 (Igarapé Cacao Pereira, lower right bank of Rio Negro, Brazil), 
SPECIMENS COLLECTED 
lim. @, lim. 9, Brazil, Santa Isabel, Rio Negro, October 13, 1930, 
lim. 92, Brazil, Barcellos, Rio Negro, October 6, 1930. 
