Fig. 15. Cranium of the “‘old man” from Cro-Magnon, France (MH Cro-Magnon 
1). About 30 kyr old. Scale is 1 cm. 
by Tattersall, 1998). Over 30,000 years ago they had begun to leave 
extraordinary art on the walls of caves. Bone flutes of complex 
sound capability announce the advent of music. Markings on bone 
plaques clearly represent systems of notation, perhaps even lunar 
calendars. Some of the most beautifully observed and crafted sculp- 
tures ever made date from this time (e.g., fig. 16). Technology be- 
came more complex; by 26 kyr bone needles announce the invention 
of tailoring, and at this same time ceramic technology was devised, 
Fig. 16. Sculpture of a young woman’s head, in mammoth ivory, from Brassem- 
pouy, France. Probably around 25 kyr old. Scale is 1 cm. 
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