56 Papers from the Department of Marine Biology. 
Verrill reports it from Cuba and from Brazil and even says ‘West 
Indies.”’ He also describes a variety (originally a species) atlantica, 
the type of which is said to be from Cuba. The occurrence of a lit- 
toral Coscinasterias in Cuba, however, needs to be confirmed, for it is 
many years since Verrill’s specimens were taken and nothing of the 
kind has been found in that region since. 
OPHIUROIDEA. BRITTLE-STARS. 
The littoral brittle-stars of the West Indies are numerous in species 
and very abundant as individuals. Both Ophiactis savgnyi and 
Ophiothrix angulata swarm wherever conditions are suitable, while 
every reef which supports echinoderm life at all is sure to abound 
with ophiocomas and ophiodermas. On a reef where conditions are 
moderately favorable, one may be reasonably sure of finding, anywhere 
in the West Indies, at least 15 species of brittle-star and, on an excep- 
tionally good ground, such as Buccoo Reef, Tobago, the number may 
rise to 25. 
It is not always easy to decide whether a given species of brittle- 
star should be included in the present list or not, but where a species 
is well defined and well known from a few fathoms depth, like Ophio- 
thrix lineata, I have included it, even though I have not found it in 
water less than a fathom deep. On the other hand, where the specific 
limits of a species are ill-defined and hence the reliability of the records 
are dubious, as with Ophiactis miilleri Liitken, I have omitted it unless 
I have myself collected it along the shore or on a reef. I have omitted 
also Ophiopsila hartmeyeri and Ophiolimna littoralis, recorded by 
Keehler from St. Thomas, and Amphiodia gyraspis, recorded by me 
from Porto Rico, because they are not littoral in the narrow sense 
ised in this paper. Several other Porto Rican species whose identi- 
fication is dubious are likewise ignored. 
The following 58 species are those to which the title “littoral brittle- 
stars of the West Indies,” in my judgment, rightfully belongs: 
Ophiomyxa flaccida (Say). 
Astrophyton muricatum (Lamarck). 
Ophiacantha oligacantha H. L. Clark. 
Ophiomitrella glabra (H. L. Clark). 
Amphiura kukenthali Keehler. 
palmeri Lyman. 
stimpsonii Liitken. 
vivipara H. L. Clark. 
Hemipholis elongata (Say). 
Ophiophragmus filograneus (Lyman). 
liitkeni (Ljungman). 
pulcher H. L. Clark. 
septus (Liitken). 
wurdemanii(Lyman). 
Ophionephthys limicola Liitken. 
Ophionema intricata Liitken. 
Amphipholis gracillima (Stimpson). 
pachybactra H. L. Clark. 
squamata (Delle Chiaje). 
Ophiostigma isacanthum (Say). 
Amphiodia planispina (von Martens). 
pulchella (Lyman). 
repens (Lyman). 
rhabdota H. L. Clark. 
trychna H. L. Clark. 
tymbara H. L. Clark. 
Ophioenida scrabriuscula (Liitken). 
Amphioplus abditus (Verrill). 
coniortodes H. L. Clark. 
thrombodes H. L. Clark. 
