242 



mOCEEDlNaS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



VOL. u4 



method. The apparatus consists of a spindle and the tablet of wood 

 upon which it is rotated, kindling of rubbed cedar bark and a roll 

 of cedar bark used as a slow match (pi. 26, figs. 1-3). The drill and 

 hearth are made of the root of the cottonwood, a material of peculiar 

 excellence for the purpose. In the New Fire Ceremony the lower 

 piece or hearth employed is made of sandstone, a custom unique in 

 the history of fire-making. 



COSTUME AND ADORNMENT. 



MarCs costume. — There is evidence that formerly when skins were 

 more plentiful the Hopi men sometimes wore shirt coats of tanned 



Fig. 5.— a, Buckskin shibt of archaic style. 6, detail of s6ams. 



deerskin of the general type prevailing in America (fig. 5). This is 

 itrue also of the Zuni and Eio Grande Pueblos and some specimens 

 of this costume, which seems to have come in from the Plains, have 

 survived. As a rule, however, the costume of the Pueblos is affiliated 

 with that of Mexico and is thus characterized by the use of weaving 

 to a greater extent than among any other North American tribes. 

 Men formerly wore leggins of tanned skin, but these were also prob- 

 ably adopted from outside sources. The typical body garment of the 

 Hopi man in historic times was a length of dark blue or black woolen 

 cloth with an opening made in the middle for drawing over the head, 

 equal lengths of the garment hanging over the back and front like 



