NO. 2235. 



HOPI INDIAN COLLECTION— HOUGH. 



263 



laid side by side a pattern is built up. These strips are joined to 

 form anklets, and it requires considerable precision on the part of 

 the worker to wind the strips, which alone are meaningless, but 

 when joined form a pleasing design (fig. 41, u, h, c). The method 

 is very like that of the coiled basket, resembling closely that variety 

 known as " lazy stitch." ^ 



The method, however, may be more related to embroidery with 

 quills, which was interpreted in wampum and later in glass beads. 

 Some of the Plains Tribes worked patterns in braided quill on 

 string, which, wound around a pipe stem or other object, revealed 

 the design in the mind of the artist. It is probable that this work 

 was known to many tribes in America, but it has survived in only 

 a few. 



Hopi quillwork was confined to the making of anklets identical 

 with those described, formed of worsted and rawhide. Porcupine 

 quills were used and the basis is horsehair. The quills were dyed, 

 split and worked over the hair 

 with a series of half hitches 

 (pi. 32). The Zuni made simi- 

 lar quill anklets and the method 

 was also known to some of 

 the Eio Grande Pueblos. It is 

 probable that these objects were 

 distributed among some of the 

 Pueblos through exchange. 



BASKETRY. 



The working of pliable ele- fig. 41.— wound work anklet, a. back view, show 

 ments of vegetal origin into '^^ "^ing; b frond view; c. completk. 



basketry and cognate textures is an important feature of the eco- 

 nomic life of the Hopi. The great development of the potter's art in 

 this region has not apparently diminished the necessity for basketry, 

 which has a range of employment here comparable with that in other 

 strictly basket regions. The grosser use to which basketwork is put is 

 in the construction of wind breaks in the fields and the twined weav- 

 ing employed is the simplest and most primitive method known to 

 man. Twining, however, is not well represented among the Hopi, the 

 only instance of its use being the grass stem mat in which wedding 

 blankets are rolled.^ There have been collected in the Hopi pueblos 

 numerous twined baskets, some of them very old, but these baskets 

 are of Ute workmanship and have been brought to the Pueblos by 

 exchange. Baskets of extraneous origin will be mentioned later. 



1 Mason, O. T., Aboriginal Basketry, Ann. Kept. U. S. Nat. Miis., 1902, p. 249. 

 3 Idem, pi. 103. 



