NO. 2235. 



HOPI INDIAN COLLECTION— HOUGH. 



277 



to shape on stone without the interposition of any tool. Short simple 



implements like weaving battens and digging sticks were ground in 



this way and with an abrading stone 

 of convenient shape held in the hand 

 all the mechanical requirements for 

 sculpture in the 

 round, the under- 

 cuts, ridges, cham- 

 fers, grooves, etc., 

 were possessed by 

 the Hopi wood- 

 worker. It is ob- 

 served also that 

 the quality of 

 workmanship in 

 wood shown in the 

 ancient specimens ^ 

 has not been ad- 

 vanced by the pos- 

 session of iron 

 tools in the modern 

 epoch. It appears 

 that iron tools have 



only served to increase the facility of getting the raw material and 



the speed of manufacture of the products. 



Fig. 44, 



Fio. 43.— Ornaments fob sides ov mask. 

 o. Fbont view. b. Side view. 



Mask ornaments 

 of painted gourd, a. 

 Front view. b. [Side 



VIEW. 



Fig. 45.— o. Lightning frame closed. 6. Same extended by pulling handles together. 



The absence of the wedge which generally precedes the saw or any 

 other primitive tool and useful in the procural of masses of wood 



» Fewkes, Dr. J. Walter, 17th Ann. Rept. Bur. Amer. Ethnol., pt. 2, pis. 164-5 ; Hough, 

 Bull. 87, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1914. 



