NO. 2238. NOMENCLATURE OB' THE FAMILY TURRITIDAE—DALL. 315 



In the quadrinomial system of Dumeril the name is spelled Pleuro- 

 tomarius as a designation for the animal of Pleurotoma. To these 

 synonj-ms may probably be added Lophiotoma and Tomopleura 

 Casey, 1904. 



Genus CLAVATULA Lamarck, 1801. 



The first subdivision of the genus was the proposal of Lamarck 

 in 1801 of a genus Glavatula^ which was typified by C. coronata La- 

 marck, but which is not Clavatula Swainson, 1840, typified by C. 

 sulcata Swainson. Synonyms are Clavicantha Swainson, 1840, and 

 probably the typical Drillia (umbilicaM) Gray, 1838. Lamarck 

 afterward united his Clavatula with Pleurotom^a, but subsequent in- 

 vestigations have shown that Clavatula, according to its type-species, 

 is entitled to subfamily distinction. The operculum, dentition, and 

 anatomy are different from those of the group typified by Turris 

 hahylonius. It is a west African group in the main. 



Genus CLAVUS Montfort, 1810. 



Under the name of Clavus Montfort separated, in 1810, a genus 

 typified by C. fxirmnulatus Montfort, figured and described in the 

 same place, and specifically designated as the type. Because at the 

 same time he cited one of Lamarck's Clavatulae, the latter has been 

 mistaken as the type. An unjustified attempt to reject Clavus on 

 account of the perfectly distinct prior name of Clava Martyn, has 

 been made, but Tryon correctly preserved the genus for smooth 

 Turritidae with a short last whorl, long spire, nodulous shoulder, 

 no spiral sculpture, a wide, deep anal sulcus adjacent to the suture 

 and, in the completely adult, a marked subsutural callus on the body. 

 Such species as Pleurotoma crenularis Reeve (Conch. Iconica, fig. 54 

 (not of Weinkauff), 1845; P. lanceolata Reeve (fig. 182), P. macu- 

 losa Reeve (fig. 45) ; and P. echinata Reeve (fig. 48) appear to be 

 properly located in the genus Clwus. 



Genus TURRICULA Schumacher, 1817. 



The next to be considered is the genus Turricula Schumacher, 1817, 

 based on T. fammea Schumacher, founded on figures 1337 and 1338, 

 volume 4, of Martini's Conchylien Cabinet. This shell is Turris 

 javanus Bolten, but not Murex javanus of Linnaeus and Gmelin. 

 It is the Murex tornatus of Dillwyn, 1817, but not of Bolten, 1798. 

 It is not Clavatula flammea Hinds, 1843. 



The typo of Turricula is an almost perfectly smooth shell of the 

 kind ordinarily called Surcmla H. and A. Adams, 1853, of which the 

 type is Murex javanus Linnaeus and Gmelin, not Bolten. The only 

 distinction between Turricula and Surcula is the rough sculpture of 



