54 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1916. 



surveyed the ruin and made photographs and notes thereof. He 

 likewise investigated certain large ruins east of Tebungki, on the 

 ancient trail of migration from Chaco Canyon, and traced for some 

 distance the prehistoric trail running from San Juan Valley south- 

 ward past the great ruins, as yet undescribed, near Crownpoint, 

 N. Mex. 



During the months of July to December, 1915, Mr. James Mooney, 

 ethnologist, continued to devote most of his attention to the prepar- 

 ation for publication of the Cherokee Sacred Formulas, including 

 transliteration, translation, and explanation of each formula, with 

 complete glossary and botanic index. These formulas, collected by 

 Mr. Mooney on the East Cherokee Reservation in North Carolina, 

 are written in the Cherokee language and alphabet and held for 

 their own secret use by priests of the tribe, most of them long since 

 dead. They consist of prayers, songs, and prescriptions, dealing 

 with medicine, love, hunting, fishing, agriculture, war, the ball play, 

 self-protection, etc. They number in all between 500 and 550, con- 

 tained in several manuscripts, as follows: 



1. Oadlgwanasti ("Belt," died 1888). — ^186 in a large blanii booli of foolscap 

 size, and 94 others on separate sheets of the same size, closely written ; 280 in 

 all. Obtained from his son. 



2. A'yunmi (" Swimmer," died 1899). — Written in an unpaged blank book of 

 242 pages, Ss by 12 inches, only partially filled ; 137 in all. Obtained from him- 

 self and transliterated and translated with full explanation from his distation 

 in 1888. 



3. A'wmiita (" Young Deer," died about 1892). — 24 written on separate sheets 

 and obtained from him in 1888. Transcribed later into No 4. 



4. Tsiskwa ("Bird," died 1889). — 22, dictated from deathbed and with other 

 formulas written out in regular fashion, with index, in a blank book of 200 

 pages, 8 by 10 inches, by his nephew, W. W. Long (Wiliwesti), in 1889. 



5. Da(/icatihi ("Catawba Killer," died about 1890. — "Written out from his 

 dictation by W. W. Long, in No. 4, in 1889 ; 11 in all. 



6. Oahuni (died 1866). — 10 in all, together with a Cherokee-English vocabu- 

 lary in Cherokee characters and other miscellany, contained in an xmpaged 

 blank book, 6 by 14 inches. Obtained in 1889 from his widow, Ayasta, mother 

 of W. W. Long. 



7. Other formulas originally written by Inali ("Black Fox," died about 

 1880), Yanflgaiegi ("Climbing Bear," died 1904, Dfininali ("Tracker," still 

 living), Ayasta ("Spoiler," died 1916), Aganstata ("Groundhog Meat," still 

 living), and others; mostly transcribed into No. 4. 



8. A large number of dance songs, ceremonial addresses, Civil War letters 

 from Cherokee in the Confederate service, council records, etc., all in the 

 Cherokee language and characters, contained in various original blank book 

 manuscripts and letter sheets. Some of these have been transcribed into No. 4, 

 and many of them might properly appear with the Sacred Formulas. 



Of all this material, about 150 formulas, including the entire 

 Swimmer book, No. 2, were transliterated, translated, and anno- 

 tated and glossarized, with Swimmer's assistance, in 1888-89. Of 



