ie 
Brongmart, Sur les Vegetaux Fossiles. 179 
cover the chalk to the surface of the earth, or the most re- 
water deposites. In the third and last Chap. he com- 
pares the fossile vegetables of these formations, with those 
of earlier formations—viz those of middle and inferior sed- 
iment, including chalk, oolite, alpine limestone, and their 
subordinates—and those of Coal and Anthracite with the 
copper lignites of Catherineburgh. 
His classification is artificial, but in his detailed account 
of the particular Genera, he points out their affinities with 
existing families and genera of vegetables. e also proves 
in his second Chapter, that there are many fossile vegeta- 
bles. in the superior formations, which are referable to gene- 
ra if not to species still existing. We will give a tabular 
view of his Classification with the principal facts referable 
to each genus gathered from his chapters. 3 
= I. Stems, whose internal organization is recogni- 
Zabdie. 
Genera. 1. Exogenites. Wood formed of regular concen- 
tric layers. These must have belonged to arborescent di- 
cotyledonous plants—they cannot be referred to any 
hown species. They are chiefly found in the superior 
formations, where they occur in the state of lignite, or ina 
silicious state, (as in resinites, wood-opal,) they are also 
found in the state of lignite in the formations of inferior 
sediment. They are not found in the coal formations. 
2. Endogenites. Wood composed of insulated bundles of 
vessels more numerous at the circumference than the cen- 
tre. These must have belonged to arborescent monocoty- 
nous plants such as the Palms, the Draceenas, Yuccas, 
- There are also distinct contorted fibres found in mas- 
ses of lignite, which seem to have been formed of decom- 
the state of lignite or silicious. They are not found in the 
erior sediment nor in the coal formation. | 
Class II. Stems whose internal organization Is no longer 
Gistinct, but which are characterized by their external 
